水合盐基中低温热化学储热材料性能测试及数值研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201484

化工学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 72 ›› Issue (5): 2763-2772.doi: 10.11949/0438-1157.20201484

水合盐基中低温热化学储热材料性能测试及数值研究

李威(),王秋旺,曾敏()

西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院，热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室，陕西西安 710049

收稿日期:2020-10-26 修回日期:2020-12-02 出版日期:2021-05-05 发布日期:2021-05-05
通讯作者: 曾敏 E-mail:limingwei93@163.com;zengmin@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
作者简介:李威（1993—），男，博士研究生，limingwei93@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51776157);中央高校基础研究经费(xzy022020024)

Performance test and numerical study of salt hydrate-based thermochemical heat storage materials at middle-low temperature

LI Wei(),WANG Qiuwang,ZENG Min()

Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China

Received:2020-10-26 Revised:2020-12-02 Published:2021-05-05 Online:2021-05-05
Contact: ZENG Min E-mail:limingwei93@163.com;zengmin@mail.xjtu.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以水合盐K₂CO₃·1.5H₂O和膨胀石墨（EG）分别作为化学蓄热材料和多孔基质，研制了复合储热吸附剂K₂CO₃@EG。对该复合吸附剂和未掺杂膨胀石墨的纯水合盐就脱附储热、吸附性能、循环稳定性等方面进行了对比分析。结果表明，复合吸附剂所需的脱附温度降低，对吸附质的吸附动力学性能也有明显提升且可有效避免潮解现象。经过连续15次的脱附-水合循环实验后，纯盐和复合吸附剂的储热密度分别下降27.6%和10.9%。此外，对储热单元的数值研究结果初步验证了该蓄热体系的可行性。

关键词: 水合盐, 热化学储热, 复合吸附剂, 动力学, 传热, 储热密度, 循环稳定性

Abstract:

Using hydrated salt K₂CO₃·1.5H₂O and expanded graphite (EG) as chemical heat storage materials and porous matrix respectively, a composite heat storage adsorbent K₂CO₃@EG was developed. The desorption, adsorption performance and cycle stability of the composite sorbent and pure salt without EG-doping were compared and analyzed. The results show that the desorption temperature of the composite adsorbent is reduced, and the adsorption kinetics of adsorbate is obviously improved, which can effectively avoid deliquescence. After fifteen consecutive desorption-hydration cycle experiments, the heat storage density of pure salt and composite adsorbent decreased by 27.6% and 10.9%, respectively. In addition, the numerical results of the thermal storage unit preliminarily verify the feasibility of the thermal storage system.

Key words: salt-hydrate, thermochemical heat storage, composite sorbent, kinetics, heat transfer, energy storage density, cycle stability

中图分类号:

TK 02

李威, 王秋旺, 曾敏. 水合盐基中低温热化学储热材料性能测试及数值研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(5): 2763-2772.

LI Wei, WANG Qiuwang, ZENG Min. Performance test and numerical study of salt hydrate-based thermochemical heat storage materials at middle-low temperature[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(5): 2763-2772.

图/表 11

图1

图2

图3

表1

图4

图5

图6

表2

控制方程及描述"

控制方程		描述
反应动力学	$? α ? t = A f e x p - E a R T (1 - α) 2 / 3 p v p e q$	α为转化率；p_v, p_eq分别为蒸汽动态压力和平衡压力；A_f为指前因子；E_a为反应活化能；R为通用气体常数
克劳修斯-克拉贝隆方程	$l n p e q p r e f = - Δ H r R T e q + Δ S r R$	p_ref为参考水平压力；ΔH_r为反应焓；ΔS_r 为熵
质量守恒及质量输运	$(1 - ε) ? ρ s ? t = ρ s ? ? α ? t$ (solid) $ε ? ρ v ? t = S w - ? (ρ v u) + D g Δ ρ v$ (gas)	ε为吸附剂反应床孔隙率；D_g为蒸汽在多孔吸附剂内扩散系数
质量源项S_w	$S w = ρ s ? α ? t M v M s$	ρ_s 为储热吸附剂密度；M_v/M_s 为蒸汽摩尔质量和储热吸附剂摩尔质量比值
湿空气混合物	$? ? t ε ρ m + ? ? ρ m u = S w$	ρ_m 为湿空气密度；u 为气体速度
多孔储热材料内流体流动	$? ? t ρ m u + u ε ? ? ρ m u = ? ? [- ε p v I + μ m ? u + ? u T - 23 μ m ? ? u I] + S w u ε - ε μ v k u$	k为反应床渗透率；μ_m为水蒸气黏度
能量守恒	$(ρ C p) e f f ? ? T ? t = ? (λ e f f ? T) ? - C p v ? ρ v ? u ? ? T + q ˙$	热源 $q ˙ = ± ρ s M s ? α ? t Δ H r$ , 正负号取决于是吸附或脱附

表2

图7

图8

图9

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工况	纯K₂CO₃		CS15
工况	平衡吸附量/(g/g)	所需时间/min	平衡吸附量/(g/g)	所需时间/min
30℃，29% RH	0.1906	360	0.168	250
30℃，40% RH	0.1924	350	0.169	230
30℃，55% RH	0.24	400	0.2031	360

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水合盐基中低温热化学储热材料性能测试及数值研究

Performance test and numerical study of salt hydrate-based thermochemical heat storage materials at middle-low temperature

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