• •
张广宇1(), 付然飞2, 孙冰1, 袁俊聪2, 冯翔2(), 杨朝合2, 徐伟1()
收稿日期:
2024-01-17
修回日期:
2024-03-31
出版日期:
2024-04-01
通讯作者:
冯翔,徐伟
作者简介:
张广宇(1990—),男,博士,副研究员,zhanggy.qday@sinopec.com
基金资助:
Guangyu ZHANG1(), Ranfei FU2, Bing SUN1, Juncong YUAN2, Xiang FENG2(), Chaohe YANG2, Wei XU1()
Received:
2024-01-17
Revised:
2024-03-31
Online:
2024-04-01
Contact:
Xiang FENG, Wei XU
摘要:
“双碳”背景下,CO2的综合利用迎来了挑战与机遇,将CO2转化为高附加值化学品对于节能减排和碳循环利用具有重要意义。其中,将CO2与环氧化合物经过环加成反应转化为环状碳酸酯是碳资源循环利用的重要方式之一。本文研究了环氧丙烷(PO)在以四丁基溴化铵(TBABr)为催化剂的均相体系中氢键供体效应对环加成反应的影响,探究了不同碳数醇类以及酚类极性对反应的影响。研究发现,在温和条件(100 ℃,2 h,1.5 MPa)下,以邻苯二酚为氢键供体时,PO的转化率可以达到99.8%,碳酸丙烯酯(PC)选择性可以达到99.51%,性能远远高于无氢键供体体系。此外,本研究通过建立线性溶剂化能关系式以及Kamlet-Taft表达式,定量描述了氢键供体(醇类、酚类)极性参数对反应性能的影响,阐明了氢键供体对提高CO2-PO环加成反应效率的影响。
中图分类号:
张广宇, 付然飞, 孙冰, 袁俊聪, 冯翔, 杨朝合, 徐伟. CO2-环氧丙烷合成碳酸丙烯酯:氢键供体效应研究[J]. 化工学报, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240083.
Guangyu ZHANG, Ranfei FU, Bing SUN, Juncong YUAN, Xiang FENG, Chaohe YANG, Wei XU. Synthesis of propylene carbonate from CO2 and propylene oxide:[J]. CIESC Journal, DOI: 10.11949/0438-1157.20240083.
催化剂名称 | 氢键供体类型 | 环氧丙烷转化率 (%) | 选择性(%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
碳酸丙烯酯 | 1,2-丙二醇 | |||
TBABr | / | 49.82 | 98.68 | 1.32 |
CH3CH2OH | 53.63 | 100.00 | 0.00 | |
CH3CH2CH2OH | 53.89 | 100.00 | 0.00 | |
CH3(CH2)3OH | 57.46 | 100.00 | 0.00 | |
CH3(CH2)5OH | 97.10 | 98.32 | 1.68 | |
CH3(CH2)9OH | 94.12 | 98.83 | 1.17 |
表1 不同氢键供体对环氧丙烷环加成反应的影响
Table 1 Effect of different hydrogen bond donors on propylene oxide
催化剂名称 | 氢键供体类型 | 环氧丙烷转化率 (%) | 选择性(%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
碳酸丙烯酯 | 1,2-丙二醇 | |||
TBABr | / | 49.82 | 98.68 | 1.32 |
CH3CH2OH | 53.63 | 100.00 | 0.00 | |
CH3CH2CH2OH | 53.89 | 100.00 | 0.00 | |
CH3(CH2)3OH | 57.46 | 100.00 | 0.00 | |
CH3(CH2)5OH | 97.10 | 98.32 | 1.68 | |
CH3(CH2)9OH | 94.12 | 98.83 | 1.17 |
催化剂名称 | 氢键供体类型 | 环氧丙烷转化率 (%) | 选择性(%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
碳酸丙烯酯 | 1,2-丙二醇 | |||
TBABr | 99.30 | 97.93 | 2.07 | |
99.80 | 99.51 | 0.49 | ||
96.68 | 99.52 | 0.48 | ||
98.19 | 97.00 | 3.00 | ||
95.86 | 97.72 | 2.28 |
表2 不同氢键供体对环氧丙烷环加成反应的影响
Table 2 Effect of different hydrogen bond donors on propylene oxide
催化剂名称 | 氢键供体类型 | 环氧丙烷转化率 (%) | 选择性(%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
碳酸丙烯酯 | 1,2-丙二醇 | |||
TBABr | 99.30 | 97.93 | 2.07 | |
99.80 | 99.51 | 0.49 | ||
96.68 | 99.52 | 0.48 | ||
98.19 | 97.00 | 3.00 | ||
95.86 | 97.72 | 2.28 |
图2 醇类Kamlet-Taft参数与转化率关系以及理论计算与实验测定的转化率的对比图
Fig. 2 The relationship between Kamlet-Taft parameters and conversion of PC and the comparison between theoretical calculation and experimental conversion
氢键供体 | ET(30) | α | β | Π* | 环氧丙烷 转化率 (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CH3CH2OH | 51.90 | 0.66 | 0.86 | 0.75 | 0.54 | 53.63 |
CH3CH2CH2OH | 50.70 | 0.62 | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.52 | 53.89 |
CH3(CH2)3OH | 50.20 | 0.60 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.47 | 57.46 |
CH3(CH2)5OH | 48.80 | 0.56 | 0.80 | 0.84 | 0.40 | 97.10 |
CH3(CH2)9OH | 47.60 | 0.53 | 0.70 | 0.82 | 0.45 | 94.12 |
表3 醇类Kamlet-Taft参数[28-30]
Table 3 Kamlet-Taft parameters of alcohol[28-30]
氢键供体 | ET(30) | α | β | Π* | 环氧丙烷 转化率 (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CH3CH2OH | 51.90 | 0.66 | 0.86 | 0.75 | 0.54 | 53.63 |
CH3CH2CH2OH | 50.70 | 0.62 | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.52 | 53.89 |
CH3(CH2)3OH | 50.20 | 0.60 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 0.47 | 57.46 |
CH3(CH2)5OH | 48.80 | 0.56 | 0.80 | 0.84 | 0.40 | 97.10 |
CH3(CH2)9OH | 47.60 | 0.53 | 0.70 | 0.82 | 0.45 | 94.12 |
氢键供体 | ET(30) | α | β | Π* | 环氧丙烷 转化率 (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
53.40 | 0.70 | 1.10 | 0.30 | 0.67 | 99.30 | |
52.10 | 0.66 | 0.85 | 0.58 | 1.07 | 99.80 | |
53.60 | 0.71 | 0.61 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 96.68 | |
54.40 | 0.73 | 1.16 | 0.52 | 1.00 | 98.19 | |
51.90 | 0.66 | 0.52 | 0.34 | 0.69 | 95.86 |
表4 酚类Kamlet-Taft参数与转化率[31-33]
Table 4 Kamlet-Taft parameters and conversion of phenol[31-33]
氢键供体 | ET(30) | α | β | Π* | 环氧丙烷 转化率 (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
53.40 | 0.70 | 1.10 | 0.30 | 0.67 | 99.30 | |
52.10 | 0.66 | 0.85 | 0.58 | 1.07 | 99.80 | |
53.60 | 0.71 | 0.61 | 0.60 | 1.00 | 96.68 | |
54.40 | 0.73 | 1.16 | 0.52 | 1.00 | 98.19 | |
51.90 | 0.66 | 0.52 | 0.34 | 0.69 | 95.86 |
图3 酚类Kamlet-Taft参数与转化率关系以及理论计算与实验测定的转化率对比图
Fig. 3 The relationship between Kamlet-Taft parameters and conversion of PC and the comparison between theoretical calculation and experimental conversion
图4 氢键供体存在下TBABr催化PO环加成反应机理
Fig. 4 Plausible reaction mechanism of the cycloaddition reaction for the synthesis of propylene carbonate over the TBABr in the presence of HBD
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