PVC裂解过程中的形貌学特征参数及其对裂解过程的表征

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2013.08.044

化工学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (8): 3009-3016.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2013.08.044

PVC裂解过程中的形貌学特征参数及其对裂解过程的表征

袁国安¹, 王中慧¹, 陈德珍¹, 杨芳², 王海¹

1. 同济大学热能与环境工程研究所, 上海 200092;
2. 上海师范大学信息与机电工程学院, 上海 200234

收稿日期:2012-12-19 修回日期:2013-04-24 出版日期:2013-08-05 发布日期:2013-08-05
通讯作者: 陈德珍
作者简介:袁国安(1987- ),男,硕士研究生。
基金资助:
上海市科委长三角区域项目(12195811100);教育部新世纪优秀人才计划项目(NCET-10-0596)。

Morphological parameters characterizing pyrolysis process of waste polyvinyl chloride plastics

YUAN Guo'an¹, WANG Zhonghui¹, CHEN Dezhen¹, YANG Fang², WANG Hai¹

1. Institute of Thermal & Environmental Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;
2. Department of Information and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China

Received:2012-12-19 Revised:2013-04-24 Online:2013-08-05 Published:2013-08-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了聚氯乙烯(PVC)裂解反应过程中的形貌学特征,利用高清红外摄像头记录PVC从常温升至500℃的裂解反应进程中的图像序列,并借助Image Pro Plus(v6.3)数字图像处理软件进行数字化处理,得到了能够表征反应进程的形貌学特征参数量化值:即考察区域(ROI)的总像素面积(PA)和泡率(BR)。同时研究了初始形态和杂质对该两项参数的影响。结果表明,PVC的裂解过程分为4个阶段:熔化,第一裂解段,准稳定段和第二裂解段。BR能够准确反映各阶段及反应快慢,PA则可以作为PVC脱氯结束的关键形貌信号。PVC初始形态对形貌学参数的影响仅体现在熔化段,杂质的引入促进了PVC的裂解,使得各形貌参数变化所对应的特征温度提前,BR峰值变大。研究得到的PVC裂解形貌学信息可为含PVC塑料预脱氯处理过程控制及裂解器的优化提供指导。

关键词: PVC裂解, 形貌学参数, 像素面积, 泡率, 脱氯, 杂质

Abstract: The morphological characteristics of waste polyvinyl chloride(PVC)plastics during its pyrolysis from ambient temperature to 500℃ were investigated with a purpose to obtain the morphological parameters characterizing reaction stages.PVC granules and films were used as typical waste PVC plastics for testing,and influence of impurities was also investigated.During experiments the image changes of PVC were recorded with a high-speed infrared camera,quantitative morphological parameters were explored with the help of a digital image processing software "Image Pro Plus(v6.3)".Two representative morphological signals describing the pyrolysis stages were obtained:pixel area(PA)and bubble ratio(BR).Experimental results showed that plastics pyrolysis involved four stages:melting,two stages of decomposition and a quasi-stable stage in between.For both PVC films and granules,the BR curve could always reflect reaction stages and reaction intensity, while PA could be used as key signal of complete HCl release.The shape of original PVC materials only affected the melting stage.When impurities were involved,the BR curve showed that intense decomposition started earlier at a lower temperature, but overall morphological characteristics remained the same.The morphological signal obtained here could be used as a guide to control dechlorination process of waste PVC and to make a better reactor design.

Key words: PVC pyrolysis, morphological parameter, pixel area, bubble ratio, HCl release, impurities

中图分类号:

TK09

袁国安, 王中慧, 陈德珍, 杨芳, 王海. PVC裂解过程中的形貌学特征参数及其对裂解过程的表征[J]. 化工学报, 2013, 64(8): 3009-3016.

YUAN Guo'an, WANG Zhonghui, CHEN Dezhen, YANG Fang, WANG Hai. Morphological parameters characterizing pyrolysis process of waste polyvinyl chloride plastics[J]. CIESC Journal, 2013, 64(8): 3009-3016.

参考文献 24

[1]	Wikstroem E,Loefvenius G,Rappe C.Influence of level and form of chlorine on the formation of chlorinated dioxins,dibenzofurans,and benzenes during combustion of an artificial fuel in a laboratory reactor[J].Environmental Science and Technology,1996,30(5):1637-1644
[2]	Costner P K.Correlation of chlorine input and PCDD/PCDF emissions at a full-scale hazardous waste incinerator[J].Organohalogen Compounds,1998,36:436-440
[3]	Kawakami I,Sase E,Sakai S.Two investigations of dioxin emission from the incineration of waste and PVC[J].Organohalogen Compounds,1998,36:217-220
[4]	Li Fahong(李法鸿),Yuan Xingzhong(袁兴中),Chen Xiaoqing(陈晓青).Study on staged pyrolysis of waste plastic mixture[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals(石油炼制与化工),2001,32(5):51-54
[5]	Miranda R,Pakdel H,Roy C,Vasile C.Vacuum pyrolysis of commingled plastics containing PVC(Ⅱ):Product analysis[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,2001,73(1):47-67
[6]	Perugini F,Mastellone M L,Arena U.Life cycle assessment of mechanical and feedstock recycling options for management of plastic packaging wastes[J].Environmental Progress,2005,24(2):137-154
[7]	Xiao Rui(肖睿),Jin Baosheng(金保升).A study of the pyrolysis of chlorine-containing scrap plastics and their waste energy utilization[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power(热能动力工程),2003,18(2):194-196
[8]	Bing Juanlin(邴涓林).Analysis on situations of China's PVC industry in the year 2011[J].Polyvinyl Chloride(聚氯乙烯),2012,40(6):1-7
[9]	López A,de Marco I,Caballero B M,Laresgoiti M F,Adrados A.Dechlorination of fuels in pyrolysis of PVC containing plastic wastes[J].Fuel Processing Technology,2011,92(2):253-260
[10]	Alexandra Castro,Delfim Soares,CndidaVilarinho,Fernando Castro.Kinetics of thermal de-chlorination of PVC under pyrolytic conditions[J].Waste Management,2012,32(5):847-851
[11]	Ma Shibai(马师白),Yin Jianjun(殷剑君),Lu Jun(鲁军),Gao Jinsheng(高晋生).Study on the treatment and recovery as resource of PVC waste(Ⅰ):Kinetic analysis of PVC pyrolysis dechlorination[J].Environmental Chemistry(环境化学),2001,20(2):172-178
[12]	Wang Zhi(王志),Li Aimin(李爱民),Ba Dechun(巴德纯),Yao Wei(姚伟).HCl emission characteristic of PVC component from municipal solid waste pyrolysis[J].Journal of Northeastern University(东北大学学报),2002,23(7):711-714
[13]	Nandini C.Thermal decomposition of poly(vinyl chloride)[J].Journal of Polymer Science A,Polymer Chemistry,1994,32(7):1225-1237
[14]	Salovey R,Bair H E.Degradation of poly(vinyl chloride)[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1970,14(3):713-721
[15]	Hirschler M.Effect of oxygen on the thermal decomposition of poly(vinylidene fluoride)[J].European Polymer Journal,1982,18(5):463-467
[16]	Yu Jianrong(俞建荣),Bu Fanliang(卜凡亮),Li Wenli(李文力).Image identifying &analyzing system of flowing air bubbles in fluidized bed[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument(仪器仪表学报),2005,26(8):667-668
[17]	Wang Zhonghui(王中慧),Chen Dezhen(陈德珍),Wang Hai(王海).Research on morphological characteristics of sewage sludge during its pyrolysis process[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering(环境工程学报),2011,5(11):2610-2614
[18]	Wang Hai,Chen Dezhen,Yuan Guo'an,et al. Morphological characteristics of waste polyethylene/polypropylene plastics during pyrolysis and representative morphological signal characterizing pyrolysis stages[J].Waste Management,2013,33(2):327-339
[19]	Jin Yuqi(金余其),Yan Jianhua(严建华),Chi Yong(池涌),Li Xiaodong(李晓东),Cen Kefa(岑可法).Study on kinetics of pyrolysis of PVC[J].Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology(燃料化学学报),2001,29(4):381-384
[20]	Zhou Hu(周琥),Lu Jidong(陆继东),Zhou Haosheng(周浩生).Study of the pyrolysis of PVC with the coupling of a TGA and FTIR[J].Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(华中理工大学学报),2000,28(9):82-83
[21]	Liu Yibin(刘义彬),Ma Xiaobo(马晓波),Chen Dezhen(陈德珍),Zhao Lei(赵磊),Zhou Gongming(周恭明).Copyrolysis characteristics and kinetic analysis of typical constituents of plastic wastes[J].Proceedings of the CSEE(中国电机工程学报),2010,30(23):56-61
[22]	Zheng Xuegang(郑学刚),Tang Lihua(唐黎华).Kinetics of thermal weightlessness and decomposition of PVC[J].Journal of East China University of Science and Technology(华东理工大学学报),2003,29(4):346-350
[23]	Bacaloglu R,Fisch M.Degradation and stabilization of poly(vinyl chloride)(Ⅴ):Reaction mechanism of poly(vinyl chloride)degradation[J].Polymer Degradation and Stability,1995,47(1):33-57
[24]	Zhao Lei(赵磊),Wang Zhonghui(王中慧),Chen Dezhen(陈德珍),Ma Xiaobo(马晓波),Luan Jian(栾健).Influence of impurities on waste plastics pyrolysis:products and emissions[J].Environmental Science(环境科学),2012,33(1):329-336

PVC裂解过程中的形貌学特征参数及其对裂解过程的表征

Morphological parameters characterizing pyrolysis process of waste polyvinyl chloride plastics

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 24

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	陈维, 宋鹏云, 许恒杰, 孙雪剑. 含杂质二氧化碳实际气体干气密封性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(5): 2215-2229.
[2]	侯莲霞, 任鑫, 周静红, 周兴贵. 杂质对Ru/AC催化秸秆水解液加氢反应的抑制作用[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(2): 633-641.
[3]	王一想, 陈泽伟, 张雯, 徐颖华, 马淳安. 2-氯-5-三氯甲基吡啶电化学氢化脱氯合成2-氯-5-甲基吡啶[J]. 化工学报, 2017, 68(5): 1882-1891.
[4]	陈贵兰, 宋兴福, 于建国. 杂质离子对MgCl₂和CO₂反应-萃取-醇析耦合过程的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2017, 68(2): 702-707.
[5]	陈泽伟, 王一想, 丁旭芬, 徐颖华, 马淳安. 锌催化电还原脱氯合成2,3,5,6-四氯吡啶:反应机理和工艺优化[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(6): 2332-2339.
[6]	叶梦晴, 解新安, 李璐, 李雁. 基于矩阵编码的遗传算法多杂质间歇用水网络优化[J]. 化工学报, 2015, 66(5): 1838-1843.
[7]	叶翠平, 毋亭亭, 李文英, 郑环, 冯杰. 水及杂质积累对粗蒽溶剂结晶精制咔唑的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(9): 3505-3511.
[8]	叶翠平, 毋亭亭, 李文英, 郑环, 冯杰. 水及杂质积累对粗蒽溶剂结晶精制咔唑的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(9): 0-0.
[9]	罗嘉, 桂本, 万文军, 张曦, 王文霞, 乔瑜. 二次反应最小条件下聚氯乙烯塑料脱氯过程的实验[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(11): 4368-4375.
[10]	郭彦霞, 杨喜, 崔慧霞, 程芳琴, 杨凤玲. AlCl₃·6H₂O在盐酸体系中的结晶行为[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(10): 3960-3967.
[11]	梁肇铭, 李雁, 解新安. 基于经验规则的数学规划法快速设计多杂质用水网络[J]. 化工学报, 2013, 64(7): 2535-2542.
[12]	杜湖泽，常群羚，王胜杰，李春喜. 氯化石蜡-70脱氯制备石蜡烯及性能表征[J]. 化工进展, 2013, 32(12): 2842-2845.
[13]	戴丽萍，熊俊俏，刘海英. 杂质气体对质子交换膜燃料电池性能影响的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2013, 32(09): 2068-2076.
[14]	谢辛，李英杰. 钙基吸收剂脱除HCl的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2013, 32(08): 1921-1928.
[15]	李栋斌1，尹洪超2. 考虑非等温混合的能量集成多杂质水网络优化设计[J]. 化工进展, 2013, 32(01): 238-242.