MUCT工艺处理生活污水短程脱氮的实现及硝化菌群动态变化

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20151853

化工学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (6): 2533-2541.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20151853

MUCT工艺处理生活污水短程脱氮的实现及硝化菌群动态变化

曾薇, 张洁, 纪兆华, 王安其, 彭永臻

北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院, 北京 100124

收稿日期:2015-12-08 修回日期:2016-02-24 出版日期:2016-06-05 发布日期:2016-06-05
通讯作者: 曾薇
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(51278007,51578016);国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA063406)。

Shortcut nitrification-denitrification and population dynamics of nitrifying bacteria in MUCT process treating domestic wastewater

ZENG Wei, ZHANG Jie, JI Zhaohua, WANG Anqi, PENG Yongzhen

College of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China

Received:2015-12-08 Revised:2016-02-24 Online:2016-06-05 Published:2016-06-05
Supported by:
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51278007, 51578016) and the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2012AA063406).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用连续流MUCT工艺处理实际生活污水,研究短程生物脱氮的实现,并采用实时荧光定量PCR方法(quantitative real time PCR,QPCR)分析全程脱氮向短程脱氮转变过程中氨氧化细菌(ammonia-oxidizing bacteria,AOB)和亚硝酸盐氧化菌(nitrite-oxidizing bacteria,NOB)的动态变化。通过降低溶解氧浓度为0.5mg·L^-1和缩短水力停留时间为6h,实现短程硝化,亚硝酸盐积累率达到90%。在短程硝化稳定运行阶段总氮去除率高达90%以上,远远大于全程阶段的74%。QPCR结果表明全程脱氮阶段水力停留时间的缩短使AOB细胞数呈现下降的趋势,NOB细胞总数稳定维持在10⁸cells·(g dried sludge)^-1。短程脱氮阶段,AOB细胞数小幅度上升,由3.17×10⁶cells·(g dried sludge)^-1增长到1.32×10⁷cells·(g dried sludge)^-1,同时AOB占全菌的比例也小幅度增长。NOB的细胞数在5.9×10⁷~1.78×10⁸cells·(g dried sludge)^-1之间波动。NOB占全菌的比例由1.44%下降到0.47%。因此,MUCT工艺处理实际生活污水的系统中NOB丰度降低及活性抑制是实现并维持短程生物脱氮的重要原因。短程脱氮运行期间由于控制低溶解氧浓度和短的水力停留时间,AOB丰度及相对含量没有显著增加,甚至下降,但不会影响氨氮和总氮的去除。

关键词: 生活污水, 氨氧化细菌, 亚硝酸盐氧化菌, 短程脱氮, 全程脱氮, 实时荧光定量PCR

Abstract:

Shortcut nitrification-denitrification and population dynamics of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were investigated in a continuous flow MUCT reactor treating real domestic wastewater. Shortcut nitrification-denitrification was achieved by controlling low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration of 0.5 mg·L^-1 and short hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 h. Nitrite accumulation ratios reached above 90%. TN removal in the phase of shortcut nitrification-denitrification was up to 90%, far higher than complete nitrification with 74% of TN removal. The results of quantitative real time PCR (QPCR) indicated that during complete nitrification-denitrification AOB abundance exhibited a decline tendency, decreasing from 1.69×10⁹ cells·(g dried sludge)^-1 to 3.76×10⁷ cells·(g dried sludge)^-1, and NOB abundance maintained at 10⁸ cells·(g dried sludge)^-1. During shortcut nitrification-denitrification, the abundance of AOB slightly increased from 3.17×10⁶ cells·(g dried sludge)^-1 to 1.32×10⁷ cells·(g dried sludge)^-1 accompanied with a slight increase of ratio of AOB to total bacteria. The abundance of NOB fluctuated in a range of 5.9×10⁷-1.78×10⁸ cells·(g dried sludge)^-1. The ratio of NOB to total bacteria dropped from 1.44% to 0.47%. Therefore, the abundance decrease and bioactivities inhibition of NOB were the important factors to achieve shortcut nitrification-denitrification in MUCT process treating real domestic wastewater. During shortcut nitrification-denitrification due to low DO concentration and short HRT, AOB abundance and their relative distribution did not increase, even descended. But that did not influence the removal of ammonia and total nitrogen.

Key words: domestic wastewater, ammonia oxidizing bacteria, nitrite oxidizing bacteria, shortcut nitrification- denitrification, complete nitrification-denitrification, real time quantitative PCR

中图分类号:

X703.1

曾薇, 张洁, 纪兆华, 王安其, 彭永臻. MUCT工艺处理生活污水短程脱氮的实现及硝化菌群动态变化[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(6): 2533-2541.

ZENG Wei, ZHANG Jie, JI Zhaohua, WANG Anqi, PENG Yongzhen. Shortcut nitrification-denitrification and population dynamics of nitrifying bacteria in MUCT process treating domestic wastewater[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(6): 2533-2541.

参考文献 23

[1]	刘秀红, 王淑莹, 高大文, 等. 短程硝化的实现、维持与过程控制的研究现状 [J]. 环境污染治理技术与设备, 2004, 12 (5): 7-10. LIU X H, WANG S Y, GAO D W, et al. On-line monitoring of DO, ORP and pH to achieve and maintain shortcut nitrification and denitrification [J]. Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control, 2004, 12 (5): 7-10.
[2]	SUN H W, PENG Y Z, WANG S Y, et al. Achieving nitritation at low temperatures using free ammonia inhibition on Nitrobacter and real-time control in an SBR treating landfill leachate [J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2015, 30: 157-163.
[3]	王荣娟, 杨朝晖, 曾光明, 等. 不同供氧策略对反应器实现短程硝化厌氧氨氧化影响分析 [J].环境科学学报, 2007, 27 (11): 1809-1817.DOI: 10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2007.11.006. WANG R J, YANG Z H, ZENG G M, et al. Impact of different aeration strategies on start of short-up of short nitrification anaerobic ammonia oxidation [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumistaniae, 2007, 27 (11): 1809-1817. DOI: 10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2007.11.006.
[4]	BLACKBURNE R, YUAN Z G, KELLER J. Partial nitrification to nitrite using low dissolved oxygen concentration as the main selection factor [J]. Biodegradation, 2008, 19 (2): 303-312.
[5]	GUO J H, PENG Y Z, WANG S Y, et al. Long term effect of dissolved oxygen on partial nitrification performance and microbial community structure [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2009, 100 (11): 2796-2802.
[6]	LIU G Q, WANG J M. Quantifying the chronic effect of low DO on the nitrification process [J]. Chemosphere, 2015, 141: 19-25.
[7]	HE Y L, TAO W D, WANG Z Y. Effects of pH and seasonal temperature variation on simultaneous partial nitrification and anammox in free-water surface wetlands [J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2012, 110: 103-109.
[8]	HELLINGA C, SCHELLEN A, MULDER J W, et al. The SHARON process: an innovative method for nitrogen removal from ammonium-rich wastewater [J]. Water Science Technology, 1998, 37 (9): 135-142.
[9]	REGMI P, BUNCE R, MILLER M W. Ammonia-based intermittent aeration control optimized for efficient nitrogen removal [J]. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2015, 112 (10): 2060-2067.
[10]	ZENG W, LI L, YANG Y Y, et al. Nitritation and denitritation of domestic wastewater using a continuous anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (A2O) process at ambient temperatures [J]. Bioresource Technology, 2010, 101 (21): 8074-8082.
[11]	PARK S, BAE W, RITTMANN B E. Operational boundaries for nitrite accumulation in nitrification based on minimum maximum substrate concentrations that include effects of oxygen limitation, pH, and free ammonia and free nitrous acid inhibition [J]. Environmental Science &Technology, 2010, 44 (1): 335-342.
[12]	VADIVELU V M, KELLUR J, YUAN Z G. Effect of free ammonia and free nitrous acid concentration on the anabolic and catabolic processes of an enriched Nitrosomonas culture [J]. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2006, 95 (5): 830-839.
[13]	孙洪伟, 尤永军, 赵华南, 等. 游离氨对硝化菌活性的抑制及可逆性影响 [J]. 中国环境科学, 2015, 35 (1): 95-100. SUN H W, YOU Y J, ZHAO H N, et al. Inhibitory effect of free ammonia on the activity of nitrifying bacteria and recoverability [J]. China Environmental Science, 2015, 35 (1): 95-100.
[14]	VAN K R, MULDER J W, UIJTERLINDE C A.Overview: full scale experience of the Sharon process for treatment of rejection water of digested sludge dewatering [J]. Water Science and Technology, 2001, 44 (1): 145-152.
[15]	American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Environment Federation. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater [M]. 20th ed. Washington, DC, USA: APHA, 1998.
[16]	HARMS G, LAYTON A C, DIONISI H M, et al. Real-time PCR quantification of nitrifying bacteria in a municipal wastewater treatment plant [J]. Environmental Science &Technology, 2003, 37 (2): 343-351.
[17]	CARVALHO G, LEMOS P C, OEHMEN A, et al. Denitrifying phosphorus removal: linking the process performance with the microbial community structure [J]. Water Research, 2007, 41 (19): 4383-4396.
[18]	WANG F, LIU Y, WANG J H, et al. Influence of growth manner on nitrifying bacterial communities and nitrification kinetics in three lab-scale bioreactors [J]. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2012, 39 (4): 595-604.
[19]	YAPSAKLI K, ALIYAZICIOGLU C, MERTOGLU B. Identification and quantitative evaluation of nitrogen-converting organisms in a full-scale leachate treatment plant [J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2011, 92 (3): 714-723.
[20]	FERRIS M J, MUYZER G, WARD D M. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles of 16S rRNA-defined populations inhabiting a hot spring microbial mat community [J]. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 1996, 62 (2): 340-346.
[21]	LIU X C, YANG M, ZHANG Y, et al. Microbial community comparison of different biological processes for treating the same sewage [J]. World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2007, 23 (1): 135-143.
[22]	WANG F, LIU Y, WANG J H, et al. Influence of growth manner on nitrifying bacterial communities and nitrification kinetics in three lab-scale bioreactors [J]. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2012, 39 (4): 595-604.
[23]	WANG S Y, PENG Y Z, MA B, et al. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation in traditional municipal wastewater treatment plants with low-strength ammonium loading: wide spread but overlooked [J]. Water Research, 2015, 84: 66-75.

MUCT工艺处理生活污水短程脱氮的实现及硝化菌群动态变化

Shortcut nitrification-denitrification and population dynamics of nitrifying bacteria in MUCT process treating domestic wastewater

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 23

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	高梦佳, 王淑莹, 王衫允, 彭永臻. 生活污水对成熟厌氧氨氧化颗粒污泥的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2017, 68(5): 2066-2073.
[2]	庄海峰, 韩洪军, 单胜道, 薛向东. 缺氧/好氧移动床生物膜反应器短程脱氮工艺深度处理煤化工废水性能[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(9): 3919-3926.
[3]	谢丽, 殷紫, 尹志轩, 王悦超, 周琪. 一段式厌氧氨氧化工艺亚硝酸盐氧化菌抑制方法研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(7): 2647-2655.
[4]	王梅香, 赵伟华, 王淑莹, 张勇, 彭永臻, 潘聪, 黄宇. A₂N₂双污泥系统反硝化除磷工艺的启动与稳定[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(7): 2987-2997.
[5]	王盟, 卞伟, 侯爱月, 阚睿哲, 王文啸, 张舒燕, 李军. 两段式曝气工艺的短程硝化反硝化特性[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(4): 1497-1504.
[6]	王梅香, 赵伟华, 黄宇, 潘聪, 彭永臻, 王淑莹. N-SBR单元硝化时间分配比对A₂N₂系统运行性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(12): 5259-5267.
[7]	赵梦月, 王博, 郭媛媛, 彭永臻. 部分短程硝化SBR实现低C/N比生活污水碳源的充分利用[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(11): 4825-4836.
[8]	张为堂, 薛晓飞, 庞洪涛, 张杰, 李冬, 彭永臻. 碳氮比对AAO-BAF工艺运行性能的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2015, 66(5): 1925-1930.
[9]	委燕, 王淑莹, 马斌, 彭永臻. 缺氧FNA对氨氧化菌和亚硝酸盐氧化菌的选择性抑菌效应[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(10): 4145-4149.
[10]	闫立龙1，郝国馨1，刘玉1，文艳1，伍祖静1，陈艺洋1，张英民2. 以稻壳为载体的SBR对农村生活污水去除效能分析[J]. 化工进展, 2014, 33(09): 2484-2488.
[11]	曾薇1，王向东1，张立东2，李博晓1，彭永臻1. MUCT工艺处理实际生活污水实现亚硝酸型硝化[J]. 化工学报, 2012, 63(4): 1195-1203.
[12]	刘甜甜, 彭永臻, 王淑莹, 刘牡, 宋燕杰, 王博. 盐度对垃圾渗滤液短程脱氮性能及其N₂O产量的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2012, 63(10): 3269-3276.
[13]	巩有奎, 王淑莹, 彭永臻, 王赛, 王莎莎. 低氧条件下生物反硝化过程中N₂O的产量[J]. 化工学报, 2011, 62(6): 1688-1692.
[14]	冯华军, 汪美贞, 沈东升. CABR处理分散式生活污水抗短期水力冲击负荷潜能 [J]. 化工学报, 2011, 62(5): 1428-1434.
[15]	唐旭光, 王淑莹, 张婧倩. 温度变化对生物除磷系统的影响 [J]. 化工学报, 2011, 62(4): 1103-1109.