CIESC Journal

• 化工学报 •    下一篇

国产老竹制造纸粕之研究

时钧,孔庆震   

  1. 国立南京大学化工系 ,大连硫酸铔厂
  • 出版日期:1951-04-25 发布日期:1951-04-25

A STUDY OF PRODUCING PAPER PULP FROM NATIVE BAMBOO

  • Online:1951-04-25 Published:1951-04-25

摘要: 本文系将数量制粕法应用於竹材纸粕之初步研究报告,试以二级碱法及二级硫酸盐法蒸解老竹,发现后者竟较前者更宜於竹材,所得硫酸盐竹粕,经漂白后色泽较碱粕为佳,再试以三级硫酸盐法,先以水於微压下(115℃)蒸煮一小时,次於120℃时以1%蒸解剂(NaOH:Na_2S=2:1)稀溶液预行蒸解两小时,最后以5%蒸解剂溶液蒸解三小时,结果可得洁白之纸粕,对於所用数量竹料均极相宜.第三级蒸解之最宜情况,经试验结果,以在160℃时用5%蒸解剂溶液(NaOH:Na_2S=2:1)蒸解3(1/2)小时之成绩为最佳,所得纸粕色泽既白,且漂剂消耗量亦低.作者曾将竹材皮层与心材剥离,分别以三级硫酸盐法蒸解,证明两者所得纸粕,就色泽及漂剂消耗量而言,大致相同,指示前人理论,谓老竹皮层中含有高分子胶质,纸粕不易漂白,似属不确.本试验仅用三种不同地区所产之竹为原料,故三级硫酸盐法是否适用於所有国产竹材,及其最宜蒸解情观是否完全相同,犹待於将来之研究.

Abstract: This is a preliminary report of the application of several methods in the making of bamboo pulp. The two-stage soda process and the two-stage sulfate process were first tested. It was found that the pulp obtained by the second process can be better bleached than that by the first process. In order to im-prove the quality of the pulp, the three-stage sulfate process was then applied. It consists of three steps, namely, cooking in water under slight pressure (115℃) for about one hour, digesting in a solution of one percent of the cook-ing reagent (HaOH:Na2S=2:l) at 120℃ for two hours, and finally digesting in a 5% solution of the reagent for three hours. This 3-stage method gave a product which is satisfactorily white and was found equally applicable to sev-eral kinds of bamboo used. The optimum operating conditions of the third stage of the 3-stage sulfate process was studied. The experimental results show the most suitable condi-tions as follows: Temperature-160℃, concentration of the digesting solution -5% (NaOH:Na2S=2:l), and time of digestion-31/2 hours. The pulp ob-tained under these conditions was white and the consumption of the bleaching reagent was relatively low. The surface layer and the core of bamboo were separately treated with the 3-stage sulfate process. The products obtained showed very little differ-ence in color and in the consumption of the bleaching reagent. This seems to indicate that the surface layer is not necessarily more resistant to bleaching re-agent. Only three kinds of bamboo have been employed in the present study. It is certainly inconclusive whether the 3-stage sulfate process used and the op-timum operating conditions determined are equally applicable to all other kinds of bamboo in our country. This is evidently the direction of further study.