Abstract: The kinetics of non-catalyzed decomposition of fructose in high temperature liquid water was studied at temperatures from 453.15 K to 493.15 K and under pressure at 10 MPa.The main products of fructose decomposition were glucose, formic acid, acetic acid, levulinic acid, furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural,etc.The evaluated energy of activation of fructose decomposition was 126.16 kJ•mol^-1.In addition, the effects of temperature and reaction time on the yield distributions of 5-hydroxymethyl furfural were investigated.Selective decomposition of fructose in high temperature liquid water was possible.