Abstract: In this paper, the ultrastructure destruction of Ampelopsis grossedntata cell in the process of microwave-assisted solvent extraction was studied.In a series of conditions of differential microwave irradiation strengths and times through the MARS5, the cell wall of Ampelopsis grossedntata leaves were observed with transmission electron microscope.The results showed that with the increase of microwave output power and irradiation time,increasing disruption of cellular structures were found when irradiation time and microwave irradiation strength reached 5 min and 300 W respectively or microwave irradiation time and irradiation strength reached 2 min and 600 W respectively.This is the cause of enhancement of extraction of dihydromyricetin from Ampelopsis grossedntata by microwave.