1 Ensley, B.D., Ratzkin, B.J., Osslund, T.D., Simon, M.J., Wackett, L.P., Gibson,
D.T., “Expression of naphthalene oxidation genes in Escherichia coli results in the
biosyn-thesis of indigo”, Science, 222, 167—169(1983).
2 O’Connor, K.E., Dobson, A.D.W., Hartmans, S., “Indigo formation by microorganisms
expressing styrene monooxygenase activity”, Appl. Environ. Microbial., 63, 4287—4291
(1997).
3 Bhushan, B., Samanta, S.K., Jain, R.K., “Indigo produc-tion by naphthalene-
degrading bacteria”, Lett. Appl. Mcrobiol., 31, 5—9(2000).
4 Drewlo, S., Brämer, C.O., Madkour, M., Mayer, F., Stein-büchel, A., “Cloning and
expression of a Ralstonia eutro-pha HF39 gene mediating indigo formation in Escherichia
coli”, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 67, 1964—1969(2001).
5 Choi, H.S., Kim, J.K., Cho, E.H., Kim, Y.C., Kim, J.I., Kim, S.W., “A novel
flavin-containing monooxygenase from Methylophaga sp. Strain SK1 and its indigo synthe-sis
in Escherichia coli”, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Com-mun., 306, 930—936(2003).
6 Alemayehu, D., Gordon, L.M., O’Mahony, M.M., O’Leary, N.D., Dobson, A.D.W.,
“Cloning and func-tional analysis by gene disruption of a novel gene in-volved in indigo
production and fluoranthene metabolism in Pseudomonas alcaligenes PA-10”, FEMS Microbiol.
Lett., 239, 285—293(2004).
7 Furuya, T., Takahashi, S., Ishii, Y., Kino, K., Kirimura, K., “Cloning of a gene
encoding flavin reductase coupling with dibenzothiophene monooxygenase through coex-
pression screening using indigo production as selective indication”, Biochem. Biophys.
Res. Commun., 313(3), 570—575(2004).
8 Royoa, J.L., Moreno-Ruiza, E., Cebollab, A., Santero, E., “Stable long-term indigo
production by overexpression of dioxygenase genes using a chromosomal integrated cascade
expression circuit”, J. Biotechnol., 116, 113—124(2005).
9 Laatsch, H., Ludwig, K.H., “Isolation of the indigoid pigment candidin from urine
and hemofiltrate of uremic patients”, Liebigs. Ann. Chem., 11, 1847—1853(1986).
10 Sapira, J.D., Somani, S., Shapio, A.P., Scheib, E.T., Reihl, W., “Some
observations concerning mammalian indoxyl metabolism and its relationship to the formation
of urinary indigo pigments”, Metabolism, 20, 474—486(1971).
11 Ortiz de Montellano, P.R., Cytochrome P450: Structure, Mechanism, and Biochemistry,
2nd edition, Plenum, New York (1995).
12 Fordtran, J.S., Scroggie, W.B., Polter, D.E., “Colonic absorption of tryptophan
metabolites in man”, J. Lab. Clin. Med., 64, 125—132(1964).
13 Gillam, E.M.J., Notley, L.M., Cai, H.L., Voss, J.J.D., Guengerich, F.P.,
“Oxidation of indole by cytochrome P450 enzymes”, Biochemistry., 39, 13817—13824(2000).
14 Nakamura, K., Martin, M.V., Guengerich, F.P., “Random mutagenesis of human
cytochrome P450 2A6 and screening with indole oxidation products”, Arch. Bio-chem.
Biophys., 395(1), 25—31(2001).
15 Gillam, E.M, Aguinaldo, A.M., Notley, L.M., Kim, D., Mundkowski, R.G., “Formation
of indigo by recombinant mammalian cytochrome P450”, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 265,
469—472(1999).
16 Guengerich, F.P., Sorrells, J.L., Schmitt, S., Krauser, J.A., Meijer, L.,
“Generation of new protein kinase inhibitors utilizing cytochrome P450 mutant enzymes for
indigoid synthesis”, J. Med. Chem., 47, 3236—3241(2004).
17 Li, Q.S., Schwaneberg, U., Fischer, P., Schmid, R.D., “Directed evolution of the
fatty-acid hydroxylase P450 BM-3 into an indole- hydroxylating catalyst”, Chem. Eur. J.,
6, 1531—1536(2000).
18 Li, H.M., Mei, L.H., Urlacher, V., Schmid, R.D., “Cyto-chrome P450 BM-3 mutants
with improved catalytic prop-erties hydroxylating indole to indigo by error-prone PCR”,
Progr. Biochem. Biophys., 32, 1—6(2005). (in Chinese).
19 Nigam, S.C.,Tsao, I.F., Sakoda, A., Wang, H.Y., “Tech-niques for preparing
hydrogel membrane capsules”, Bio-tech. Tech., 2(4), 271—276(1988).
20 Blandino, A., Macias, M., Cantero, D., “Formation of calcium alginate gel
capsules: Influence of sodium algi-nate and CaCl2 concentration on gelation kinetics”,
Bio-sci. Bioeng., 88(6), 686—689(1999).
21 Dembczynski, R., Jankowski, T., “Growth characteristics and acidifying activity of
Lactobacillus rhamnosus in alginate/starch liquid-core capsules”, Enzyme. Microbiol.
Tech., 31, 111—115(2002).
22 Yoo, I.K., Seong, G.H., Chang, H.N., Park, J.K., “En-capsulation of Lactobacillus
casei cells in liquid-core alginate capsules for lactic acid production”, Enzyme. Microb.
Technol., 19, 428—433(1996).
23 Yao, S.J., Cho, M.G., “Diffusion characteristics in micro-capsules”, Chin. J.
Chem. Eng., 6(2), 116—123(1998).