Abstract: A type of antibacterial material were prepared and designed for surface contact disinfection by grafting polymeric quaternary ammonium salts onto cellulose fiber. Characterization of disinfection process using quaternary ammonium salts grafted cellulose fiber was carried out with S. aureus as model bacteria. A rapid adsorption of S. aureus on the grafted fiber was identified，as indicated by the dramatic reduction of the concentration of viable cells in the suspensions. The TTC-dehydrogenase activity and respiration activity of S. aureus adsorbed on the fiber surface were also determined. The adsorption of S. aureus on the fiber surface was observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM)，which showed the lysis of cell envelope along with the processing. The results obtained in the present study showed that the disinfection process consisted of the adsorption of S. aureus on the fiber surface，activity restraining action and cell lysis.