Abstract:

The principles and methods of seawater desalination and water treatment as well as their application progress are presented. The impact of discharged concentrated brine from seawater desalination plant is highlighted. The discharge can lead to substantial increase in salinity and temperature，and accumulation of metals，hydrocarbons and toxic anti-fouling compounds in receiving waters. The potential impacts of the concentrated brine composition，salinity，heat contamination，corrosion products and chemical additives are summarized. Measures to avoid adverse effects are also discussed. Zero liquid discharge（ZLD）is an effective way for sustainable seawater desalination.