半导体合成生物学的研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20201283

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

半导体合成生物学是研究半导体技术与合成生物学之间协同作用的一门交叉学科。其涉及的活细胞-半导体材料杂合体系具有独特的能量和信号转导机制，不仅维持活细胞的代谢能力，而且保留半导体材料的光电学物理特性，在化工、通讯、计算、能源及医疗等领域具有广阔的应用前景。综述了半导体合成生物学在生物催化、智能生物传感以及新型DNA数据存储领域的最新研究进展，讨论了目前研究面临的技术难题及解决方案，旨在为合成生物学和半导体技术这两个影响化工发展的领域提供有价值的参考。

关键词: 半导体合成生物学, 细胞-无机材料界面, 信号输入, 信息存储

Abstract:

Semiconductor synthetic biology (also known as SemiSynBio, SSB) is an interdisciplinary subject that studies the synergy between semiconductor technology and synthetic biology. The living cell-semiconductor material hybrid system involved has a unique energy and signal transduction mechanism, which not only maintains the metabolic ability of living cells, but also retains the optoelectronic physical properties of semiconductor materials, and it has broad applications in the fields of chemical engineering, communication, computation, energy resource and medical treatment. This review outlines the state-of-the-art research advances of SSB in biocatalysis, intelligent biosensor and DNA data storage. In addition, forthcoming challenges and the corresponding solutions are also discussed. Overall, this review aims to provide valuable insights for advancing synthetic biology and semiconductor technology, two disciplines influencing chemistry engineering.

Key words: semiconductor synthetic biology, cell-inorganic material interface, signal input, information storage

中图分类号:

Q 81

王欣, 赵鹏, 李清扬, 田平芳. 半导体合成生物学的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(5): 2426-2435.

WANG Xin, ZHAO Peng, LI Qingyang, TIAN Pingfang. Research advances in semiconductor synthetic biology[J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(5): 2426-2435.

图/表 4

图1 半导体-细胞杂合体系介导的生物催化示意图

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of biocatalysis mediated by semiconductor-cell hybrid system

图2 可吸收的微电子设备(IMBED)示意图(a);智能手机调控工程细胞的表达，实现半自动血糖稳态 (b)ChuA—大肠杆菌外膜转运蛋白；HrtR—乳酸乳球菌血红素反应性转录抑制子；luxCDABE—荧光素酶的基因簇; FRL—远红光光源；BphS—基于细菌光活化的环二鸟苷酸合成酶；YhjH—c-di-GMP特异性磷酸二酯酶

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of absorbable microelectronic equipment (IMBED)(a); Smart phones regulate engineered cells to achieve semi-automatic blood glucose homeostasis (b)ChuA—outer membrane transporter of E. coli; HrtR—heme reactive transcriptional suppressor of Lactococcus lactis; luxCDABE—luciferase gene cluster; FRL—far-red light; BphS—bacterial light-activated cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (c-di-GMP) synthase; YhjH—c-di-GMP-specific phosphodiesterase

图3 DNA水凝胶的应用(a);工程细胞-柔性材料软机器人示意图 (b)

Fig.3 Applications of DNA hydrogel (a); Schematic diagram of engineered cell-flexible materials-based soft robot (b)

图4 DNA数据存储流程图

Fig.4 Flowsheet of digital information storage in DNA

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