悬浮载体结垢对CANON-MBBR系统影响及恢复控制探究

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20190022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对CANON-MBBR（completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite-moving bed biofilm ractor）工艺悬浮载体出现的结垢现象，验证了结垢的主要成分及产生原因，采用EDTA-2Na（乙二胺四乙酸二钠）进行除垢，并采取了结构预防措施。结果表明，结垢原因为系统高pH引起碳酸钙生成并附着于悬浮载体上。投加20 mg·L^-1 EDTA-2Na后结垢现象随反应器运行逐渐消失，系统总氮去除负荷在80 d内由0.27 kg N·(m³·d）^-1恢复至0.83 kg N·(m³·d）^-1,恢复率接近100%，针对曝气情况下反应器高度与系统碱度吹脱程度存在负相关，为防止碱度吹脱造成系统pH上升引起结垢，对反应器池体进行加高，系统pH降至正常水平，有效防止了结垢的生成，系统负荷保持稳定。对反应器各阶段微生物进行高通量测序分析，结果显示悬浮载体结垢导致功能微生物及种群多样性下降，结垢消除后功能微生物丰度再次上升，最终AOB及AnAOB丰度分别达到11%和23%，群落多样性略微下降，物种均一化程度趋于稳定。

关键词: CANON, MBBR, 结垢原因, 结垢消除, 结垢预防

Abstract:

In view of the scaling of suspension carrier in CANON-MBBR (completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite-moving bed biofilm reactor), the main components and causes of scaling were verified. EDTA-2Na was used to remove scaling and preventive measures were taken. The results show that the scaling is caused by the formation of calcium carbonate and its attachment to the suspension carrier due to the high pH of the system. EDTA-2Na was selected to be the scale removal agent and the scaling phenomenon disappeared gradually with the operation of the reactor after adding 20 mg·L^-1 EDTA-2Na. The total nitrogen removal load of the reactor was restored from 0.27 kg N·(m³·d)^-1 to 0.83 kg N·(m³·d)^-1 within 80 d. The recovery rate was close to 100%. In view of the negative correlation between the reactor height and the alkalinity blowing degree of the system, in order to prevent the scaling caused by the high pH due to alkalinity blowing. The reactor height was raised and the pH of the system was reduced to normal level, the necessary conditions for scaling were eliminated, and the system load remained stable. High-throughput sequencing analysis of microorganisms in different stages of the reactor showed that scaling on suspension carriers occupies the effective specific surface area of suspension carrier. As a result, the abundance of AOB and AnAOB in CANON functional microorganisms decreased from 10%, 20% to 5% and 4% respectively. In addition, the diversity of biofilm population on the surface of suspension carriers also decreased. After scaling was eliminated, the abundance of AOB and AnAOB increased again and eventually reached 11% and 23% respectively. The diversity of community decreased slightly, and the degree of species homogenization tended to be stable.

Key words: CANON, MBBR, the reason of filler scaling, scaling elimination, scaling prevention

中图分类号:

X 703.1

韩文杰, 周家中, 吴迪, 管勇杰, 孙庆花. 悬浮载体结垢对CANON-MBBR系统影响及恢复控制探究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(6): 2298-2307.

Wenjie HAN, Jiazhong ZHOU, Di WU, Yongjie GUAN, Qinghua SUN. Study on influence of suspended carrier scaling on CANON-MBBR system and restoration control[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(6): 2298-2307.

图/表 11

表1 反应器结构及运行参数

Table 1 Reactor structure and operating parameters

反应器	底面边长/m	高度/m	有效容积/m³	悬浮载体填充率/%	曝气方式	温度/℃
5^#	1.00	1.40	1.32	40.00	穿孔曝气+微孔曝气	32.00~34.00

表2 消化液水质

Table 2 Reject water quality/(mg·L-1)

NH₄ ⁺-N	COD	BOD₅	TN	碱度(以CaCO₃计)	Mn	Fe	Mo	Cu	Zn	Ni
300—500	200—300	100—200	310—550	2100—2300	0.031	0.15	0.020	0.022	0.007	0.007

表3 反应器阶段划分

Table 3 Stage division of reactor

阶段	名称	运行时间/d	总氮去除负荷/(kg N·(m³·d)^-1)	有效高度/m
Ⅰ	稳定运行A阶段	70~500	0.80~0.85	1.2
Ⅱ	负荷下降阶段	500~572	0.85~0.27	1.2
Ⅲ	负荷恢复阶段	572~655	0.27~0.83	1.2
Ⅳ	稳定运行B阶段	655~730	0.52~0.57	1.8

图1 反应器内不同阶段悬浮载体挂膜情况

Fig.1 Different fillers at different stages in reactor

图2 系统总氮去除负荷及进出水TIN和pH变化

Fig.2 Total nitrogen removal load and change of TIN and pH in inlet and outlet water of system

图３悬浮载体表面生物膜SEM扫描

Fig.3 SEM scanning of biofilm on suspension carrier surface

表4 各反应器结构及部分运行参数

Table 4 Structure and partial operating parameters of each reactor

曝气强度/

(m³·(h^-1·m^-2))

稳定运行时间/d

容积负荷/

(kg N·(m³·d)^-1)

1^#

2^#

5^#

图4 不同反应器结构对进出水pH差值的影响

Fig.4 pH difference of inlet and outlet water in different reactors

图5 属水平物种相对丰度

Fig.5 Relative abundance distribution at phylum level

图6 CANON功能微生物相对丰度

Fig.6 Relative abundance of CANON functional microorganisms

表5 生物多样性分析

Table 5 Biodiversity analysis

Sample	Shannon index	Chao 1 index	Coverage	Simpson
450 d	4.54	2891.12	0.99	0.0700
550 d	4.01	1046.23	0.96	0.0926
640 d	4.57	2230.43	0.99	0.0671
700 d	4.52	2562.69	0.97	0.0703

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