Abstract:

Four main kinds of production processes of fuel ethanol from lignocellulosic materials：separate enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation，simultaneous saccharification and fermentation，simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation and consolidated bioprocessing are reviewed. The latter two are focused on constructing genetically engineered microorganism. Furthermore，the research on screening fermentative microorganism from rumen and guts of termite are proposed and commercialization of bioethanol requires co-production of other high added-value products.

摘要：

目前用于生产木质纤维素燃料乙醇的工艺主要有4种：分步糖化和发酵（SHF）、同时糖化和发酵（SSF）、同时糖化和共发酵（SSCF）以及联合生物加工（CBP）。本文综述了以上4种工艺的优缺点及其研究现状，着重介绍了具有应用前景的SSCF和CBP，指出它们的研究重点都在于通过基因工程构建适合的高产菌株。同时，提出了木质纤维降解微生物的筛选还应重视对瘤胃、白蚁肠道等微生态系统的研究，以及生物乙醇工业化的实现还需重视相关高附加值产品的共生产。