Abstract:

The supported solid base catalysts KNO₃-AlSBA-15 and KNO₃-Al-SBA-15，was prepated with mesoporous molecular sieve SBA-15 as carrier，and was loaded with Al and with alkali metal salts KNO₃ by direct synthesis and post synthesis respectively. The catalysts were characterized by means of XRD，BET，SEM and CO₂-TPD. The result showed that addition of Al had a good protection on the pore structure of catalyst. The alkalinity of catalyst was enhanced significantly after loading KNO₃. The transesterification reaction process of sorbifolia oil with the catalyst for biodiesel preparation indicated that KNO₃-Al-SBA-15 showed better catalytic activity than traditional catalysts. The biodiesel yield could reach 92%，and this catalyst also showed steady catalytic activity after being reused for many times.

摘要：

以介孔分子筛SBA-15为载体，采用直接合成法和后合成法镀饰Al后再负载碱金属盐KNO₃，制得负载型固体碱催化剂KNO₃-AlSBA-15和KNO₃-Al-SBA-15。用XRD、BET、SEM以及CO₂-TPD对催化剂进行表征。结果表明：在SBA-15上镀饰Al可以保护分子筛的介孔结构；进一步负载KNO₃，能够增强催化剂的碱性。将其应用于催化文冠果油酯交换制备生物柴油，结果显示催化剂KNO₃-Al-SBA-15的催化活性最好，优于传统均相催化剂，所得生物柴油产率可达92%，重复使用多次仍具有较好的催化效果。