Abstract: Due to the dual roles of CO2 as a main greenhouse gas and a renewable C1 carbon source, research on CO2 adsorption and separation is of great importance to both academic interests, and social and economic progresses. Based on various kinds of porous materials with distinct structural parameters, this paper reviews the recent development of novel porous CO2 sorbents and their sorption behavior. Porous carbons possess controllable micro/macroscopic morphology, tunable pore structure and good stability. Molecular sieves have rich microporosity with concentrated pore size distribution. Metal-organic frameworks and porous polymers offer a great variety of products, representing newly emerging CO2 capture materials. In addition, key issues on structure effect of new sorbents on high efficiency CO2 capture under actual conditions are discussed. Finally, perspectives on how to design the composite and the quantitative analysis of pore structure contributing to sorption capacity are provided.

Key words: porous solids；adsorption process；nanostructure, carbon dioxide；sorption and separation

摘要： 二氧化碳（CO2）的双重角色（温室气体及一碳化工原料）使其吸附分离研究具有重要学术及社会经济意义。本文以多孔吸附材料为主线，系统评述了多孔炭、分子筛、有机金属骨架类材料及多孔聚合物等的CO2吸附分离最新研究进展。这些吸附材料的特点：多孔炭的微观及宏观形貌可控，孔结构可调，稳定性好；分子筛的具有丰富的微孔，孔径分布集中；有机金属骨架及多孔聚合物的种类多样，代表一类新兴的CO2吸附材料。分析了多孔固体应用于CO2吸附分离所涉及的关键科学问题，即高效吸附材料立体设计及影响选择性和吸附量等重要参数。提出澄清微孔/介孔/大孔比例以及表面基团种类和数量对CO2吸附贡献的定量关系的必要性，对材料的定向合成与优化有重要指导意义。

关键词: 多孔固体, 吸附法, 纳米结构, 二氧化碳, 吸附分离