Abstract: To reduce environmental pollution in the production process and impact sensitivity and improve the formability and mechanical properties of aluminized explosives, a new explosive is obtained by hierarchically packaging RDX. Pressure-time curves of aluminum film explosive and traditional aluminized explosives based on RDX were determined by underwater explosion experiments. Explosion energy and detonation velocity of aluminum film explosive and aluminized explosive were obtained by analyzing the curves, and their differences were examined. The results show that the structure of aluminum film explosive is that RDX and aluminum film are connected independently along the axial direction, which is beneficial to minimize the impact that additive impedes transmission of detonation wave. The detonation velocity of the new explosive is greater than that of aluminum particle explosive, so the shock loss coefficient of aluminum film explosive is greater. Compared to aluminum particle explosive, the shock wave energy of aluminum film explosive is decreased by 10.16%—10.33%, while its explosion energy and impulse nearly equal to those of aluminum particle explosive. The calculation proves that the C-J pressure formula of aluminum film explosive is reasonable.

Key words: mechanics of explosion, aluminum film explosive, aluminized explosives, non-ideal explosives, specific shock energy, specific bubble energy, specific explosion energy

摘要： 为了减少铝粉炸药在生产过程中因铝粉对环境污染，降低铝粉炸药的撞击感度，提高含铝炸药的成型性及力学性能，将RDX用铝薄膜分层包裹得到新型的铝薄膜混合炸药。将铝薄膜混合炸药与铝粉炸药进行水下爆炸实验与爆速实验，得到两种炸药的爆速与压力时程曲线，经过分析计算得到两种炸药的压力峰值、冲量、冲击波能、气泡脉动周期与气泡能。结果表明：铝薄膜炸药药柱的轴向为RDX与铝薄膜独立贯通的结构，有利于降低混合炸药中添加物对基体炸药爆轰波传播的影响，从而使铝薄膜混合炸药的爆速高于铝粉炸药，导致铝薄膜炸药的冲击波损失系数高于铝粉炸药，使铝薄膜混合炸药的总能量、比气泡能与铝粉炸药相当情况下，其比冲击波能却降低了10.16%～10.33%，计算过程说明铝薄膜混合炸药的C-J压力计算公式具有合理性。

关键词: 爆炸力学, 铝薄膜炸药, 含铝炸药, 非理想炸药, 比冲击波能, 比气泡能, 比爆炸能