Abstract: A new vertical cracking tower with multiple hollow disks was developed, which could pyrolyze waste tires into carbon black, liquid oil and fuel gas.Based on the assumptions of annular granular heap, constant angle of repose and uniform physical properties, a mass transfer model in the cracking tower for waste tires was presented.The equations for calculating several important parameters, such as height and volume of each granular heap, retention time, effective covering ratio, critical capacity were provided along with the new mass transfer model.According to the penetration model of particle heat transfer and kinetic model of tire pyrolysis, the exit temperature and rubber remnant content in granular heaps were effectively predicted by a straightforward stepwise calculation procedure, and the maximum pyrolysis capacity was predicted as well.The theoretical results predicted with the heat and mass transfer model were in satisfactory agreement with experimental data from a 3000 t•a^-1 pilot-plant.

Key words: 废轮胎, 裂解塔, 传质, 传热

摘要： 新型立式多层圆盘结构裂解塔是一种传导加热型单元设备，能把无钢丝废轮胎裂解为炭黑、燃料油和可燃气产品.在料环假设、松散介质假设、物性假设基础上，研究了空心加热盘上轮胎料块的传质模型，给出了料环高度、盘面积料量、停留时间、有效覆盖率以及临界处理量等参数的计算公式.应用颗粒传热扩散理论及橡胶裂解动力学方程，建立了新型裂解塔加热盘面和轮胎料块间的传热模型，得到了裂解塔内每道料环出料温度及橡胶残余率的迭代计算公式，并从理论上给出了裂解塔的最大处理量.应用该模型对3000 t•a^-1裂解塔进行了理论计算，所得结果与实验数据吻合较好.

关键词: 废轮胎, 裂解塔, 传质, 传热