Abstract: The structures of interfacial turbulence phenomena in multicomponent evaporation,and physical absorption and desorption processes were observed by using Schlieren photography.It was found that structure of interfacial turbulence was characteristic of interfacial mass transfer process.In physicial absorption and desorption processes of carbon dioxide into and from liquid methanol,toluene,chlorobenzene,and isobutanol,orderly roll and polygonal cellular convection were observed.These orderly flow patterns were dissipative structures.It was also found that at room temperature,evaporation processes of some pure organic liquids,such as ether,trichloromethane,carbon tetrachloride,and acetone etc.,showed strong interfacial convection,but the evaporation processes of other liquids,such as benzene,toluene,chlorobenzene,ethanol,butanol,isobutanol,and ethandiol,did not show such phenomenon. However,interfacial turbulence was observed in the evaporation processes of benzene and toluene mixture and ethandiol-ethnoic acid-ethyl acetate equilibrium mixture.It is reasonable to believe that under suitable operating conditions,interfacial turbulence may affect distillation processes.

摘要： 采用光学纹影摄影方法观察了多组分蒸发、吸收和解吸过程中相界面处的对流现象 .自然蒸发过程所研究的物系为苯 /甲苯二元混合物和乙酸 /乙酸乙酯 /乙二醇三组分混合物 ,气液传质过程包括甲醇、异丁醇等分别吸收二氧化碳的吸收过程和二氧化碳从有机溶剂中解吸的过程 .结果发现 ,在多组分有机液体混合物蒸发和气液传质过程中存在规则有序滚桶形或多边形细胞状对流 .这说明有序对流运动的产生是相际传质过程中普遍存在的现象 ,其结构特点取决于实验条件和体系的性质