Abstract:

Due to effects of high osmotic pressure and biological toxicity of inorganic salts, eubolism of activated sludge developing in fresh wastewater can not be carried out in highly saline wastewater.This difficulty could be solved by collecting, studying and culturing halophilic activated sludge from the estuary deposit at the mouth of the river.In this paper the effect of start-up, ammonium-nitrogen loading and salinity on nitrification performance of the halophilic nitrification culture in treating real saline domestic wastewater was studied.The results show that after 9 day adjustment stage, nitrification of ammonium-nitrogen is started.This halophilic system is sensitive to ammonium-nitrogen loading and its fluctuation.Salt tolerance of 10—60 g·L^-1as well as optimum salt of about 40 g·L^-1 was established.Comparing with fresh activated sludge and salt-acclimation activated sludge, this system is of advantages of high specific ammonium removal rate and tolerance of salt shocks, because the dominant population is composed by moderately halophilic and marine bacteria.〖JP2〗A noteworthy is that there is unusually high nitrite accumulation rate during experimental operation although all operation conditions are very preferable to nitrite oxidation.The research can provide an alternative way for application of the halophilic mixed culture in biological treatment of highly saline wastewater.

摘要：

由于渗透压和无机盐生物毒性的影响，淡水活性污泥无法在高盐环境下进行正常的新陈代谢。生物处理高盐废水受到极大的挑战。为了解决这一难题，本研究采集入海口河底泥培养嗜盐活性污泥，并考察了该污泥的硝化性能。研究采用实际高盐生活污水探讨了嗜盐处理系统的启动、氨氮负荷和盐度冲击对系统硝化的影响。实验结果表明：经过9 d适应期，嗜盐污泥开始硝化高盐生活污水中的氨氮。氨氮负荷及其负荷的稳定性对氨氮去除率具有显著影响。研究确定了嗜盐硝化系统的耐盐范围为10～60 g·L^-1，而最优盐度在40 g·L^-1左右。由于该嗜盐混合菌群是由海洋菌和中度嗜盐菌组成的，该系统具有良好的抗盐度冲击能力和硝化活性。尽管实验采用的操作条件不会对亚硝酸氧化菌构成抑制，但是研究中却发现显著的亚硝酸盐积累现象。该研究为实现高盐废水生物处理提供了有益探索。