喷嘴雾化参数轨迹图像法测量实验研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191454

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对喷嘴雾化多参数同步测量问题，提出了基于图像处理的喷嘴雾化角、雾化细度、液滴运动速度及分布参数测量方法，利用背光阴影成像技术搭建了喷嘴雾化参数测量系统，建立了基于轨迹图像法原理的喷嘴雾化参数图像处理流程与算法，利用标准颗粒测量验证了该方法对颗粒粒径测量的精度，并开展了不同孔径与压力下扇形喷嘴雾化参数同步测量实验研究。结果表明：当雾化压力不变，扇形喷嘴孔径从0.66 mm变为1.10 mm时，雾化细度与液滴平均运动速度分别增加26.82%、10.42%，而雾化角随扇形喷嘴孔径增大而减小16.66%；当扇形喷嘴孔径不变，雾化压力从0.1 MPa增加到0.4 MPa时，雾化角与液滴平均运动速度分别增加47.71%、95.10%，而雾化细度随雾化压力增加而减小44.23%。这为雾化液滴特性研究与喷嘴性能评估提供了有效手段。

关键词: 喷雾测量方法, 轨迹图像法, 雾化角, 雾化细度, 液滴速度

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of simultaneous measurement of nozzle atomization multi-parameters, a method for measuring nozzle atomization angle, atomization fineness, droplet movement speed and distribution parameters based on image processing is proposed. The measurement system using backlight shadow imaging method, and the process and algorithm based on trajectory imaging method were established. The measurement accuracy of trajectory imaging method was validated by using standard particle measurement. The experimental synchronous measurements of spray parameters of fan-type nozzle with the different apertures on the different atomization pressure were carried out. The results show that, when the atomization pressure remains unchanged, atomization fineness and average velocity of the droplets increase by 26.82% and 10.42%, respectively, and the atomization angle decreases by 16.66% with the aperture of the fan-type nozzle changes from 0.66 mm to 1.10 mm. When the aperture remains unchanged, the atomization angle and the average velocity of the droplets increase by 47.71% and 95.10%, respectively, and the atomization fineness decreases by 44.23% with the atomization pressure increases from 0.1 MPa to 0.4 MPa. It provides an effective tool for the study of atomization droplet characteristics and the evaluation of nozzle performance.

Key words: spray measurement method, trajectory imaging method, atomization angle, atomization fineness, droplet velocity

中图分类号:

TK 31

施智雄, 潘科玮, 平力, 杨斌. 喷嘴雾化参数轨迹图像法测量实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(8): 3527-3534.

Zhixiong SHI, Kewei PAN, Li PING, Bin YANG. Research on experimental measurement of spray parameters of nozzle by using trajectory imaging method[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(8): 3527-3534.

图/表 15

图1 雾化参数轨迹图像法测量系统

Fig.1 Atomization parameters measurement system based on trajectory imaging method

图2 典型雾化角图像处理过程

Fig.2 Typical image process of atomization angle

图3 轨迹图像法测量原理

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of trajectory imaging method

图4 典型雾化细度及速度液滴图像处理过程

Fig.4 Typical image process of atomization fineness and droplet velocity

图5 标准颗粒运动轨迹图像及粒径分布测量结果

Fig.5 Trajectory image of dynamic standard particle and measurement results of particle size

图6 不同孔径喷嘴的雾化角测量结果

Fig.6 Measurement results of atomization angle of nozzles with different pore sizes

图7 不同压力下喷嘴的雾化角测量结果

Fig.7 Measurement results of atomization angle under different pressures

图8 不同孔径喷嘴的液滴粒径分布

Fig.8 Size distribution of droplet particles of nozzles with different apertures

表1 不同孔径喷嘴的液滴数目平均粒径

Table 1 Average diameter of droplet particles of nozzles with different apertures

孔径/mm	平均直径/μm
0.66	101.55
0.91	121.24
1.10	128.79

图9 不同压力下喷嘴的液滴粒径分布

Fig.9 Size distribution of droplet particles of nozzle under different pressures

表2 不同压力下喷嘴的液滴数目平均粒径

Table 2 Average diameter of droplet particles of nozzles under different pressures

压力/MPa	平均直径/μm
0.1	173.47
0.2	161.78
0.3	109.93
0.4	96.74

图10 不同孔径喷嘴的液滴运动速度分布

Fig.10 Velocity distribution of droplet particles of nozzles with different apertures

表3 不同孔径喷嘴的液滴平均运动速度

Table 3 Average velocity of droplet particles of nozzles with different apertures

孔径/mm	平均速度/(m/s)
0.66	12.44
0.91	15.02
1.10	17.20

图11 不同压力下喷嘴的液滴运动速度分布

Fig.11 Velocity distribution of droplet particles under different pressures

表4 不同压力下喷嘴的液滴平均运动速度

Table 4 Average velocity of droplet particles of nozzles under different pressures

压力/MPa	平均速度/(m/s)
0.1	6.74
0.2	10.87
0.3	12.31
0.4	13.15

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