Abstract:

For environmental and economic considerations, liquefied natural gas (LNG) has gradually become the preferred alternative fuel for LNG ships. The LNG navigation safety has attracted widespread attention of various countries, and corresponding standards are issued to ensure LNG navigation safety application. The article collates and summarizes the LNG navigation standards from four technical aspects of LNG port and terminal, LNG bunkering, LNG ships and LNG transportation, introduces and analyzes the current status of international and domestic LNG navigation safety standards to describes its recent progress and focus, which provides reference for the future application and generalization of LNG inland waterways in China. At present, the focus of improving the safety of LNG navigation is on the two core areas of LNG bunkering with high accident probability and complex inland transportation. The existing standards lack definitions and safety regulations for small LNG bunkering facilities. The improvement of quantitative risk assessment methods for LNG transportation and in-port bunkering operations is a hot and difficult study point.

摘要：

出于环保和经济考虑，液化天然气（LNG）逐渐成为水上应用首选的替代燃料，其航运安全性引起各国高度重视，纷纷出台相应的标准规范以保障LNG水上应用安全。从LNG港口与码头、LNG水上加注、LNG船舶与LNG水运四个技术层面对LNG航运标准进行整理、归纳，介绍和分析了国际和国内LNG航运安全标准现状，论述其最新进展和关注焦点，为推动我国LNG水上安全运输及其标准的制修订提供参考。目前，如何提高LNG航运安全的关注点在事故发生概率较高的水上加注和内河航道复杂的水路运输两个核心领域，现有标准缺乏关于小型LNG加注设施的定义与安全规范，LNG水上运输与港口内加注作业定量风险评估方法改进是目前研究的难点和热点。