Abstract: Based on the laboratory results of the Institute of Petroleum, Academia Sinica, on urea extractive crystallization, a pilot plant with a capacity of 0.15 ton per day has been constructed & operated. With water as urea solvent and an organic chlorine compound as activator, the adducts formed into small spheres which are easily filterable. The main characteristics of the process developed was that the adduction, filtration, washing and decomposition operations were carried out in the same vessel. The design data for a commercial plant were obtained during the pilot plant run. Satisfactory dewaxing results were obtained for both light and heavy petroleum fractions with various wax contents. For light petroleum fractions, the freezing point can be lowered to below-70C. The process developed is suitable for manufacturing speciality low freezing point petroleum products, and the n-paraffins obtained after refining are good raw materials for making higher alcohols, detergents, etc.

摘要： 在处理量为0.15吨/日的中型设备上,进行了不同原料油的尿素脱蜡试验。用尿素饱和水溶液,有机氯化物为活化剂,生成的尿素-正烷烃络合物成球状,易於过滤分离。在中型试验装置上取得了各单元处理的基本数据。对於含蜡不同的轻、重石油馏份,均能获得满意的脱蜡效果;轻馏份冰点可至-70℃以下。本法适用於制造低凝固点石油产品。所得正烷烃中芳香烃含量甚少;精制除去胶质后,可作为氧化制醇的优良原料。 尿素脱蜡方法,系利用尿素能与正构烷烃选择络合结晶析出的性质,使石油馏份中之正烷烃分离。此法在分析室中已被用来测定油品中正烷烃之含量。关於其在工业中之应用,各国自1947年起即已开始研究,建立了中型试验及工业化生产设备。现苏联已建成世界最大的工业化生产厂,於1957年开工。各国所用方法流程均不相同,其大致情况如表1所示。