Abstract: The components in a gravity oil/water separator were divided into four types according to their function, which are energy exchanging (inlet) ,flow stabilizing, coalescence strengthening and vortex preventing (outlet) components.Some typical geometry for each component was put forward and investigated experimentally with the PIV technique. As a result, a new geometry for the separator was developed. In order to compare the new model s performance with other separators such as C - E Natco s performax separator and Henan oilfields HNS - Ⅱ separator, their hydraulic behaivor and separation performance were investigated by using resident time distribution and water in oil analysis techniques. All the work show that the new geometry proposed in the study is the best one both in hydraulic behavior and in separation performance.

摘要： <正> 引言 在重力式油水分离设备中,通常都认为连续相沿设备轴向流动,而分散相则一方面随连续相运动,另一方面又相对于连续相作沉降或浮升运动。实际情况往往并非如此,1978年Zemell采用放射性示踪法,对油水分离器中的停留时间分布进行了现场实测,结果发现,被测分离器中存在有严重的短路流和涡流.研究结果表明,如果能消除设备中的这些涡流和短路流,相同条件下可提高设备处理能力4倍以上;1975年美国C-E Natco公司也曾在API标准分离器中,通过引人Pefformax填料使设备性能明显改善,从而成为80年代以来在世界范围内广泛应用的主要设备;1987年河南石油勘探局又在C-E Natco公司Performax填料式分离器的基础上,通过改进设备的人口构件等进一步改进了设备的流动特性,由此发展出的