Abstract: Emulsification tests show that the HLB value of press oil for anode button is 14.6.Based on the HLB value and the nature of greasy dirt on metal surface, four surfactants with the best emulsification effectiveness and the most effective concentrations were decided after selecting from as many commonly used surfactants as possible.First,four surfactants were identified.Second, these surfactants of three different concentrations were mixed according to L₉(3⁴) orthogonal test table to form corresponding detergents and tests were made with these detergents on anode button, then the best make-up of detergent was decided by the cleaning effectiveness that was evaluated with the overall balance method.Finally, the test results were verified by the principle that emulsification effectiveness is the best when the HLB value of the mixed surfactants equals the HLB value needed for emulsified oil.

摘要： 通过乳化实验法测得了阳极帽冲制所用油的HLB值为14.6，依据此值和金属表面油污的性质, 从尽可能多的常用表面活性剂中进行筛选，以其乳化所用油产生的乳化效率高低来进行判定，得到与冲压油乳化效果最佳的4种表面活性剂和使用最佳的浓度范围.选定表面活性剂的3个浓度，按照4因素3水平选用L₉ (3⁴)正交试验表，将各表面活性剂复配成相应的清洗剂进行清洗阳极帽的正交试验，应用综合平衡法评价试验的清洗效果来确定最优复配方案.最后，根据表面活性剂组成混合物的HLB 值等于乳化此种油所需的HLB值时乳化效果最佳原理，验证了试验结果的符合性.