Abstract: The higher fatty amine/formaldehyde modified lignin quaternary ammonium salts (KL-F-HFA-QASs) cationic asphalt emulsifiers were made by the Mannich reaction and O-alkylation reaction.The effects of some factors on the Mannich reaction were discussed.The experiments showed that the Mannich reaction in dioxane aqueous solution could improve the reaction efficiency obviously.Reaction temperature was 60℃.With increasing octadecylamine dosage, the amount of nitrogen in the modified lignin amines increased.The nitrogen content of modified lignin amines reached a maximum when the molar ratio of formaldehyde to octadecylamine was 1.5∶1.The measurements of physico-chemical properties showed that among different KL-F-HFA-QASs dodecylamine-formaldehyde modified lignin quaternary ammonium salt (KLQAS)solution had the highest surface activity,and smaller surface tension of 33.2 mN•m^-1 that was much lower than 43.8 mN•m^-1 of KLQAS.The emulsifying capacitiy of KL-F-HFA-QASs was improved obviously.Zeta potential of asphalt particles made from dodecylamine-formaldehyde modified KLQASs inceased more rapidly than that of KLQAS.

摘要： 采用温和的Mannich反应和O-烷基化反应，制得了高级脂肪胺/甲醛改性木质素季铵盐阳离子沥青乳化剂，对影响Mannich反应的一些因素进行了探讨.结果表明，Mannich反应在二氧六环水溶液均相介质中进行，可明显提高反应效率;反应温度为60℃;随十八胺用量增加，木质素胺的含氮量增加;甲醛与十八胺的摩尔比为1.5∶1时，改性产物的含氮量最高.基本表面物化性能测试表明，在不同链长的高级脂肪胺/甲醛改性木质素季铵盐中，以十二胺/甲醛改性产物的表面活性最好，表面张力为33.2 mN•m^-1，较木质素季铵盐的43.8 mN•m^-1明显降低.乳化能力也显著提高.沥青微粒表面的Zeta电位比木质素季铵盐上升得更快.