Abstract:

With the coming of the postKyoto period，CO₂ removal by using ammonia solutions has become an emerging，hot research subject in the recent yearsThis paper focuses on the related researches on the mechanism of CO₂ removal by the ammonia method，major technical details and parameters，and gives a detailed summary and analysisSome conclusions of the researches，existing problems and the future of this technology are describedThe results of the experiments and simulations show that the efficiency of CO₂ removal by ammonia solutions could reach more than 90% and the CO₂ absorption capacity might be above 1.0 kg CO₂/kg NH₃Experimental results show that CO₂ removal efficiency，absorption capacity and absorption rate mainly depend on the concentration of aqueous ammonia，reaction temperature of absorption and conditions for reagent regenerationThe economic analysis tells that the combined removal of acid gases and heavy metal from flue gas by using ammonia might achieve the goal of only 20% increase in the cost of electricity（COE）.

Key words:

电厂, 烟气, 二氧化碳脱除, 氨吸收法

摘要：

随着“后京都时代”的到来，电厂烟气氨法脱碳技术成为近年来新兴的CO₂减排方法研究热点之一。本文对国内外有关氨法脱碳的机理、主要工艺和参数等的相关研究给予了详细的总结与分析，并对存在的问题和技术未来发展等方面进行了阐述。现有试验及系统模拟结果表明，氨法脱碳技术可实现90%以上的CO₂脱除效率，氨水溶液具有1.0 kg CO₂/kg NH₃以上的吸收能力；其中，CO₂脱除效率、吸收能力及速率等参数主要受氨水浓度、吸收反应温度、吸收剂再生条件等因素影响。经济性研究显示，氨法联合脱除技术有望将CO₂捕获带来的电价增长控制在20%以内。

关键词:

电厂, 烟气, 二氧化碳脱除, 氨吸收法