Abstract:

Azeotropic distillation provides an attractive alternative for azeotrope or non-ideal systems with relative volatility close to 1.0. Application of azeotropic distillation in ethanol dehydration，isopropanol dehydration，dilute acetic acid dehydration，dilute solution recycling and ester production (including co-production) are discussed mainly from entrainer screen，process design，process integration，control etc. Reactive distillation intensified with azeotropic distillation，pressure- swing azeotropic distillation，and membrane separation coupled with azeotropic distillation are described. Future development prospects are also discussed.

摘要：

共沸蒸馏为共沸物或相对挥发度接近于1的非理想物系的分离过程提供了选择。介绍了蒸馏残余曲线图的热力学原理，并以反应蒸馏生产乙酸乙酯工艺为例说明了蒸馏残余曲线图在流程设计等方面的应用。分别从夹带剂选择、过程设计、过程集成强化、过程控制等角度阐述了共沸蒸馏过程相关理论研究进展；在应用方面，主要综述了乙醇、异丙醇稀溶液、稀乙酸等脱水及回收利用情况，共沸蒸馏过程强化反应蒸馏、变压共沸蒸馏、共沸蒸馏耦合膜分离研究进展情况以及反应蒸馏工艺的局限性，并对其未来的发展前景作了展望。