Abstract: This paper reviewed the synthesis of 3-picoline via the reaction between acrolein and ammonia. It was reported up to now that there are mainly three approaches for the synthesis of 3-picoline from the reaction of acrolein with ammonia，i.e.，the liquid-phase reaction in stirring tank reactor，the gas-phase reaction in fixed-bed reactor and the gas-phase reaction in fluidized-bed reactor. The paper described the general features of these reaction processes，with comments on their advantages and disadvantages and the related catalysts. It addressed particularly the key issues in the reaction process of acrolein/ammonia to 3-picoline. The foreground of the mesoporous material and solid acid catalysts applied to the reaction and the mechanism researches of 3-picoline prepared from acrolein were also prospected，the mesoporous material and solid acid catalysts applied to the reaction and the mechanism researches were thought to one of the development direction.

Key words: 3-picoline, acrolein, liquid-phase method, vapor-phase method

摘要： 综述了丙烯醛/氨反应制备3-甲基吡啶的方法，主要包括液相釜式反应法、气相固定床反应法和气相流化床反应法3种。介绍了这些方法的工艺特点，评述了其优缺点及所涉及的催化剂。对丙烯醛/氨反应制备3-甲基吡啶过程所需要着重解决的问题进行了归纳总结。并简介了3-甲基吡啶的合成机理。同时，对于丙烯醛/氨反应制备3-甲基吡啶技术的发展前景也进行了展望，认为介孔材料和固体酸催化剂应用于该反应及合成机理的深入研究是未来的发展方向之一。

关键词: 3-甲基吡啶, 丙烯醛, 液相法, 气相法