The behavior of salting out carnallite from ordinary sea-salt bittern (30°Be,MgCl2/KCl=8, MgS04/MgCl2=0.4) during evaporation has been investigated. In order to avoid separating out of potassium salt during evaporation before the carnallite becomes saturated, it is necessary to keep the ratio MgCl3/KCl in bittern above 10 (at the same time, the ratio MgSO4/MgCl2 below 0.4) by adding the mother liquor of the carnallite to the bittern. But the addition of an excessive quantity of the mother liquor is deemed neither economical nor necessary for industrial production. This paper puts forward a method for calculating the saturation point of carnallite in the settling liquor from the phase diagram, and experiments have been carried out to determine the foregoing saturation point. In order to obtain a stable quality and a maximum yield of carnallite, it is important to keep the settling-separation temperature slightly above the saturation point of carnallite in the settling liquor, and which is, in turn, related to the composition and the final boiling-point of bittern. The solid and liquid components in regard to the cooling method for separation of carnallite have been studied under phase diagram analysis, and the results obtained from experiments coincide with theoretical evaluation. This paper also presents a method for calculating the amount of carallite separated out during cooling and the theoretical maximum percentage of recovery of potassium chloride by adding the mother liquor of carnallite to bittern. It may also be regarded as a proper channel to increase the percentage of recovery of potassium chloride during the process. Finally, the results obtained from plant scale experiments prove that the above statements are correct. As a matter of fact, the yield of potassium chloride from bittern has already reached 87.13% in industrial practice.

The paper describes the pilot plant production of diketen by the cracking of acetic acid. The process variables such as temperatures, degree of vacuum, for cracking, procedures of cooling and separation after cracking, and conditions of absorption and polymerization of ketene, as well as catalyst and materials used for the cracking coils have been discussed.

B-Phenylethyl alcohol has been synthesized from styrene through its conversion into styrene bromohydrin, which was dehydrobrominated to its epoxide and followed by hydrogenation. An aqueous solution of 105g. NaClO3 in 225ml. H2O and a mixed solution of 360 g. NaBr in 750 ml. H2O and dilute H2SO4 were added simultaneously into 210g. of styrene during 3.5-4 hrs. at 90-95℃ with vigorous stirring. After completing the reaction, the organic layer was separated and washed with water and dilute soda solution successively. The separated oil, distilled under vaccum, gave an yield of 80-85% styrene bromohydrin, b. p. 106-111℃/2-3 mm., nD23.5 1.5770. Treating it with slight excess of a dilute solution of NaOH at 60-65℃, for 3-4 hrs. gave styrene oxide, b. p. 60-65℃/3-4 mm. nD22 1.5350, d1G1G 1.055, 80-85% in yields, 100 g. of styrene oxide, dissolved in 200 ml. ethyl alcohol, containing 3.3 g. NaOH was hydrogenated in the presence of Raney Ni catalyst under 3 atmosphere at room temperature to give β-phenylethyl alcohol, nD20 1.530, d20 1.0206, 75% in yields.

A new method for estimating the molar latent heats of vaporization (at boiling point, under one atmospheric pressure) of silicon compounds is proposed. Some values for molar RT, bond RT and group RT in silicon compounds, calculated by use of the Joshi equation originally developed for organic compounds, are illustrated.

A differential infrared method is described for the quantitative determination of ethoxy group in silicone oil by using the characteristic absorption of the ethoxy group at the band of 960 cm-1. The sensitivity of this method is about 0.1% and its accuracy is 0.015%. The phenyl groups in silicone oil can be determined by ultraviolet spectrophoto-metric method with 0.53% accuracy or by measuring the silicone content in it. The results obtained from the two methods have no noticable difference. The ultraviolet spectrophotometric method can also be used for determination of the relative ratio of the two different structures. in methylbenzyl silicone oil.

The calculation procedure of electric-simulation method for the solution of boundary-layer equation is proposed. The calculations of the laminar velocity of a fluid flowing along a flat plate as well as at the entrance of a circular pipe were given as examples to illustrate the correctness of this method. It seems to be particular useful for the solution of those problems where complex boundary conditions, variable physical properties, large temperature gradients etc. are concerned.