撞击气流床气化炉内雾化过程中颗粒运动特性

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190721

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于实验室规模的撞击气流床气化炉，以水煤浆为原料进行气化实验，采用高温内窥镜及工业相机组成的可视化成像系统，在操作条件下，对水煤浆雾化过程进行拍摄。运用图像处理算法来识别和检测所得图像中的颗粒信息，利用颗粒示踪算法对颗粒进行轨迹测算。对颗粒的平均粒径、速度及角度进行统计分析。结果表明，喷嘴出口射流区内平均粒径主要集中在325～375 μm，相较于原煤颗粒较大；大部分颗粒速度集中在1～2 m·s^-1且运动过程中速度变化不大；大部分颗粒运动方向不随时间而变化，呈简单直线运动；颗粒轨迹呈现以喷嘴为起始点的扇形射线。

关键词: 撞击气流床气化炉, 雾化过程, 颗粒轨迹, 可视化技术, 统计分析

Abstract:

Based on the laboratory scale of the impinging entrained-flow bed gasifier, the coal gas slurry was used as the raw material for gasification experiments. The particle information in images was identified by image post-processing algorithm and the particle tracking algorithm was used to calculate the particle trajectory. The particle size, particle velocity and particle motion angle were analyzed by statistical method. The results show that the averaged particle size of the jet flow region near the burner tip concentrates at 325－375 μm, which is larger than the original coal particles. The velocity of most particles concentrates at 1－2 m·s^-1 and almost keeps constant during the movement. The motion angles of most particles do not change with time, which means the trajectories of most particles show rectilinear motion. The distribution of all particle trajectories shows a fan-shaped ray starting from the burner tip.

Key words: impinging entrained-flow gasifier, atomization process, particle trajectory, visualization technology, statistical analysis

中图分类号:

TQ 546

程晨, 薛志村, 郭庆华, 龚岩, 于广锁. 撞击气流床气化炉内雾化过程中颗粒运动特性[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(12): 4536-4545.

Chen CHENG, Zhicun XUE, Qinghua GUO, Yan GONG, Guangsuo YU. Particle motion characteristics of atomization process in impinging entrained-flow gasifier[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(12): 4536-4545.

图/表 18

图1 撞击气流床水煤浆气化实验流程

Fig.1 Experimental flow chart of bench-scale impinging entrained-flow gasifier

图2 喷嘴平面截面示意图

Fig.2 Sketch diagram of burner plane cross section

表1 煤质分析数据

Table 1 Coal properties

工业分析/%（质量分数）			元素分析/%（质量分数）					灰熔点/℃
A_d	V_d	FC_d	C_d	H_d	N_d	S_d	O_d	DT	ST	HT	FT
9.82	31.42	58.76	73.96	4.47	0.75	0.77	10.23	1162	1248	1310	1335

表2 水煤浆的物性参数

Table 2 Properties of CWS

平均颗粒直径/μm	质量分数/%	黏度/(mPa·s)	密度/(kg·m^-3)
46.5	61	274.3	1129

表3 水煤浆气化操作条件

Table 3 Operating conditions of CWS gasi?cation

水煤浆流速/(kg·h^-1)	O₂流速/(m³·h^-1)	(O/C)/(mol·mol^-1)
10	4.21	1.0

图4 图像后处理过程

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of image post-processing

图3 图像标定系统

Fig.3 Calibration system and sample of images

图5 颗粒示踪算法框图

Fig.5 Block diagram of particle tracing algorithm

图6 射流区域初始状态

Fig.6 Initial state of jet region

图7 颗粒位置信息组合图

Fig.7 Combination diagram of particle location information

图8 颗粒运动轨迹

Fig.8 Particle trajectories

图9 验证示意图

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of validation

图10 颗粒速度随时间变化曲线

Fig.10 Curve of particle velocity changes with time

图11 颗粒运动方向随时间变化曲线

Fig.11 Curve of particle motion angle changes with time

图12 水煤浆原煤颗粒粒径分布

Fig.12 Coal particle size distribution of CWS

图13 雾化过程中颗粒粒径分布

Fig.13 Particle size distribution in atomization process

图14 颗粒速度分布

Fig.14 Distribution diagram of particle velocity

图15 颗粒偏转角度分布

Fig.15 Distribution of particle deflection angle

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