基于粒子群算法的生活垃圾高热值成分热解动力学特性研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20200034

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以硬纸板、橡胶、松木和尼龙等典型生活垃圾(MSW)成分为研究对象，采用热重分析获得了不同升温速率下(15，40和200℃/min)各成分的热解失重特性。基于各生活垃圾成分失重曲线的特征，分别建立了有限平行反应模型，通过粒子群算法计算相应的动力学参数，并进行了交叉验证。研究表明，对于组成复杂、特性各异的生活垃圾成分，基于粒子群算法的有限平行反应模型既能准确反映各成分热解失重曲线的复杂峰结构，也能有效预测不同升温速率下失重特性的变化。

关键词: 生活垃圾, 热解动力学, 粒子群算法, 有限平行反应, 交叉验证

Abstract:

Cardboard, rubber, pine wood and nylon were selected as representatives of household wastes, and their pyrolysis characteristics were investigated through thermal gravimetric analysis under different heating rates (15, 40 and 200℃/min). Based on the characteristics of the weightlessness curve of each household garbage component, a finite parallel response model was established, and the corresponding dynamic parameters were calculated by particle swarm algorithm, and cross-validation was performed. The results indicated that the kinetic parameters obtained through PSO could not only accurately reproduce the complex peak distribution of the weight-loss curves, but also effectively predict the alteration of weight-loss characteristics under different heating rates.

Key words: MSW, pyrolysis kinetic, particle swarm method, finite parallel reaction, cross validation

中图分类号:

TQ 028.8

邓睿渠, 汪林正, 张睿智, 罗永浩. 基于粒子群算法的生活垃圾高热值成分热解动力学特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(7): 3238-3246.

Ruiqu DENG, Linzheng WANG, Ruizhi ZHANG, Yonghao LUO. Kinetic study on MSW components with particle swarm method[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(7): 3238-3246.

图/表 6

表1 生活垃圾成分的工业分析

Table 1 Proximate analysis of MSW components

MSW component	Proximate analysis/% (mass, as received)
MSW component	M	V	FC	A
paper	6.84	65.48	8.60	19.08
rubber	6.92	63.18	28.99	0.91
pine wood	9.17	75.38	14.90	0.55
nylon	0.00	99.90	0.10	0.00

图1 不同升温速率下生活垃圾热解过程TG和DTG曲线

Fig.1 TG and DTG curves of MSW samples during pyrolysis at different heating rates

图2 不同伪组分数目预测硬纸板热解DTG曲线

Fig.2 DTG curves of cardboard pyrolysis with different number of pseudo-components

表2 生活垃圾成分热解动力学参数

Table 2 Pyrolysis kinetic parameters of MSW samples

样品	m_伪组分	$y i$	A	E	n	$φ$	R²
样品	m_伪组分	$y i$	A	E	n	$φ$	40	200
尼龙	1	100.00%	5.90×10¹⁹	302.00	1.23	0.0735	0.9995	0.9946
松木	3	36.90%	9.51×10¹⁶	212.71	2.80	0.0852	0.9917	0.9931
		25.30%	4.45×10²	47.19	2.84
		37.81%	1.02×10¹⁴	193.99	0.99
橡胶	3	61.90%	4.04×10³⁶	480.81	5.01	0.0080	0.9997	0.9984
		15.55%	2.01×10⁶	81.23	3.33
		22.55%	2.80×10³¹	396.54	4.86
硬纸板	3	44.22%	3.16×10¹²	157.20	3.89	0.0172	0.9994	0.9959
		40.03%	1.54×10¹⁵	204.18	0.88
		15.75%	5.39×10¹⁰	238.80	0.50

表2 生活垃圾成分热解动力学参数

Table 2 Pyrolysis kinetic parameters of MSW samples

样品	m_伪组分	$y i$	A	E	n	$φ$	R²
样品	m_伪组分	$y i$	A	E	n	$φ$	40	200
尼龙	1	100.00%	5.90×10¹⁹	302.00	1.23	0.0735	0.9995	0.9946
松木	3	36.90%	9.51×10¹⁶	212.71	2.80	0.0852	0.9917	0.9931
		25.30%	4.45×10²	47.19	2.84
		37.81%	1.02×10¹⁴	193.99	0.99
橡胶	3	61.90%	4.04×10³⁶	480.81	5.01	0.0080	0.9997	0.9984
		15.55%	2.01×10⁶	81.23	3.33
		22.55%	2.80×10³¹	396.54	4.86
硬纸板	3	44.22%	3.16×10¹²	157.20	3.89	0.0172	0.9994	0.9959
		40.03%	1.54×10¹⁵	204.18	0.88
		15.75%	5.39×10¹⁰	238.80	0.50

图3 生活垃圾成分在40℃/min下DTG曲线

Fig.3 DTG curves of MSW samples at a heating rate of 40℃/min

图4 生活垃圾热解过程在15℃/min下的交叉验证

Fig.4 Cross validation of pyrolysis kinetic parameters of MSW smaples at a heating rate of 15℃/min

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