Abstract: The acute toxicity of typical pollutants (sulfate and sulfide)in high-sulfate pharmaceutical wastewater and effluent from SPAC reactor was tested using the 15 min half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀)to photobacterium.The results showed that the IC₅₀ of sulfate and sulfide was 12077.8，78.1 mg·L^-1，respectively; the IC₅₀ of raw pharmaceutical wastewater，effluents from SPAC reactor with influents of 6-fold and 3-fold dilution were 64.5，44.7 and 78.9 times，respectively.The maximum volumetric COD，sulfate removal rates of SPAC reactor were 5.76，1.83 kg·m^-3·d^-1，COD and sulfate removal efficiency were 54.1% and 71.8% when the influent concentration was increased at a fixed HRT; the maximum volume COD，sulfate removal rates were 7.52，1.90 kg·m^-3·d^-1，COD and sulfate removal efficiency was 72.8% and 80.0% when the HRT was shortened at a fixed influent concentration.Low concentrations with high-flow rate made SAPC reactor run more efficiently.If the influent concentration exceeds inhibition concentration threshold，the pharmaceutical wastewater has a significant effect on performance of SPAC reactor.However，SPAC process showed a good ability to adapt the toxicity of high-sulfate pharmaceutical wastewater after a long term operation (about 3 months).The raw pharmaceutical wastewater should be diluted more than 5.13 folds to avoid the inhibition at the beginning of operation，while influent concentration could be increased to a dilution of 3.32-fold to cut the operation cost in the later.

Key words: high-sulfate pharmaceutical wastewater, toxicity of waste water；SPAC anaerobic reactor, process performance, operation strategies

摘要： 采用发光细菌法测试了高浓度硫酸盐制药废水中典型污染物（硫酸盐）、转化产物（硫化物）、供试制药废水原水、稀释6倍厌氧处理出水和稀释3倍厌氧处理出水的毒性，硫酸盐、硫化物的半抑制浓度分别为12077.8、78.1 mg·L^-1；供试制药废水原水、稀释6倍厌氧生物处理出水和稀释3倍厌氧生物处理出水的半抑制浓度分别为64.5、44.7和78.9倍。试验了SPAC厌氧反应器处理高浓度硫酸盐制药废水的运行性能，高浓度低流量运行时，反应器最大容积COD、硫酸盐（以SO₄^2-计，下同）去除速率分别为5.76、1.83 kg·m^-3·d^-1，COD和硫酸盐去除率分别为54.1%和71.8%；低浓度高流量运行时，反应器的最大容积COD、硫酸盐去除速率分别为7.52、1.90 kg·m^-3·d^-1，COD和硫酸盐去除率分别为72.8%和80.0%。低浓度高流量运行更易使反应器取得高效。试验了SPAC厌氧反应器对高浓度硫酸盐制药废水毒性抑制的适应性能，运试初期宜将废水稀释5.13倍以上，运试后期可将原水稀释3.32倍。

关键词: 高浓度硫酸盐制药废水, 废水毒性, SPAC厌氧反应器, 工艺性能, 控毒策略