Abstract: Polyaniline-lignosulfonate (PANI-LS) nanocomposite was prepared via an unstirred polymerization by using lignosulfonate (LS) as dispersant.The morphology, structure and properties of the PANI-LS nanocomposite were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, FTIR, UV-vis spectra and wide angle X-ray diffraction.Moreover, the silver ions adsorbability of the PANI-LS nanocomposite was examined.The maximal sorption capacity of silver ions onto PANI-LS nanocomposite was up to 500 mg·g^-1 at initial silver ion concentration of 0.03 mol·L^-1.The product of PANI-LS nanocomposite after sorption was investigated by transmission electron microscopy and wide angle X-ray diffraction.The results showed that silver nanoparticles with diameters of 2—7 nm were homogeneously dispersed on the surface of the PANI-LS nanocomposite after sorption.This indicated that the PANI-LS nanocomposite possessed reactive adsorbability for silver ions.

Key words: polyaniline, lignosulfonate, nanocomposite, silver-ions sorption, reduction

摘要： 以木质素磺酸(LS)为分散剂,采用静态聚合法制备了聚苯胺-木质素磺酸(PANI-LS)纳米复合物。通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、红外光谱、紫外可见光谱和广角X射线衍射对纳米复合物的形貌、结构和性能进行了表征。同时,研究了该纳米复合物对银离子的吸附性能。在银离子初始浓度为0.03 mol·L^-1时,PANI-LS纳米复合物对银离子的最大吸附容量为500 mg·g^-1。对吸附后纳米复合物的透射电子显微镜和广角X射线衍射的研究表明,PANI-LS纳米复合物对银离子具有还原作用,吸附后纳米复合物表面有直径为2～7 nm的单质银纳米粒子生成。

关键词: 聚苯胺, 木质素磺酸, 纳米复合物, 银离子吸附, 还原