Abstract: Antibiotic mycelial dregs,existing as biomass supra-colloids,are not only a kind of serious hazardous pollutants but also a kind of biomass resource.Their treatment and utilization,however,are greatly hindered because of their high water content and poor mechanical dewatering property.The results shows that hydrothermal treatment of the dregs remarkably improved their sedimentation,dewatering and drying properties.The solid content and heating value of solid bio-fuel obtained greatly increase with going up temperatures and extending hydrothermal treatment,but it was found that tar and even carbonization of the material took place at too high temperatures.The optimized conditions gained are at 200℃ for 30—60 min,and solid bio-fuels produced had solid contents of 52%—55%(mass) and heat values of about 14 MJ·kg^-1.The solid recovery ratios fell in 65%—75%,and over 45% nitrogen in raw antibiotic mycelial dreg was removed via converting a part of non-Kjeldahl organic nitrogen(NKON)into Kjeldahl organic nitrogen(KON).As the form of ammonia nitrogen(NH₄⁺-N),most of removed nitrogen was dissolved in liquid product after hydrothermal treatment.The CODs of the liquid products were above 200000 mg·L^-1,which can be good feedstock for bio-gas production.These results demonstrate actually that hydrothermal treatment would be an effective way to safely dispose and pretreat process residues from bio-pharmaceuticals industries like antibiotic mycelial dregs.

Key words: hydrothermal treatment, dewatering, fermentative process residue, antibiotic mycelial dreg, bio-fuel

摘要： 以生物超胶体形式存在的抗生素菌渣既是一种危害严重的环境污染物又是一种生物质资源,但因高含水且难以机械脱除而制约其处理和高效利用。借助水热技术,抗生素菌渣的沉淀、脱水及干燥性能得以显著改善,获得的固体生物燃料固含率和热值随水热处理温度和历时的增加而增大,但过于苛刻的水热条件易生成焦油甚至发生碳化。在优化的水热条件200℃、30～60 min下,固体生物燃料固含率52%～55%(质量分数,下同)、热值约14 MJ·kg^-1,固体回收率65%～75%。通过部分转化非凯氏有机氮(NKON)为凯氏有机氮(KON)并最终主要以氨氮(NH₄⁺-N)形式进入液相的迁移途径,菌渣中45%以上的氮在水热处理过程中被脱除。经水热无害化处理的抗生素菌渣液体产物的COD高于20×10⁴ mg·L^-1,具备良好的生物气生产潜力。水热技术被证实是针对包括抗生素菌渣在内的生物发酵制药过程残渣无害化处理和资源化利用预处理的有效技术。

关键词: 水热处理, 脱水, 发酵过程残渣, 抗生素菌渣, 生物燃料