Concentration distribution of deuterium and oxygen-18 and its influence in heavy-oxygen water separation cascade

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2014.01.027

Abstract

Abstract: Deuterium and oxygen-18 are enriched in a water distillation system for isotope separation. A new method is proposed to calculate concentration distributions of deuterium and oxygen-18 and the separation factor for oxygen-16 and oxygen-18. The method divides water into four lumps to simplify the complicated isotope exchange reactions. Reactive distillation module of ASPEN PLUS is used to complete the simulation. An example containing five distillation columns cascade indicates that the concentrations of deuterium and oxygen-18 reach 70.7% and 98.0%, respectively. With the increase of deuterium concentration in the last column, the separation factor for oxygen-16 and oxygen-18 α_cal approaches α_H216O/H218O rather than α_D216O/D218O.

Key words: oxygen-18 water, deuterium, simulation, ASPEN PLUS, reactive distillation, lumping, model reduction

摘要： 在水精馏法分离同位素的系统中，氘和氧18同时得到富集，情况比较复杂。为使该系统的模拟更加贴近实际情况，提出了一种可同时计算氘和氧18浓度分布及氧16/氧18分离系数的新方法。此方法将不同的水分子划分为四个集总，简化了复杂的同位素交换反应网络。然后利用ASPEN PLUS的反应精馏模块进行计算。对一个五塔级联的水精馏制氧18水系统的模拟计算表明，产品中氘浓度达到了70.7%，氧18浓度达到了98.0%。在最后一个精馏塔内，随着氘含量的增加，氧16/氧18分离系数α_cal从接近α_H216O/H218O变得更接近α_D216O/D218O。

关键词: 氧18水, 氘, 模拟, ASPEN PLUS, 反应精馏, 集总, 模型简化

CLC Number:

TQ028.3⁺1

GAO Yunhu, XU Zhihong, YU Zhaojun, FEI Weiyang. Concentration distribution of deuterium and oxygen-18 and its influence in heavy-oxygen water separation cascade[J]. CIESC Journal, 2014, 65(1): 213-219.

高云虎, 徐志红, 余兆钧, 费维扬. 重氧水分离级联中氘和氧18浓度分布及其影响[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(1): 213-219.

References 22

[1]	Miao Yingming(苗映明). Production technologies and application of O-18 water and its market analysis[J]. Shanghai Chemical Industry(上海化工), 2011, 36(9):31-33
[2]	Yang Guanghui(杨光辉), Zhang Weijiang(张卫江), Shi Huaping(时花平), Xu Shimin(徐世民).The separation and application of oxygen isotope[J]. Journal of Isotopes(同位素), 2005, 18(1/2): 118-122
[3]	Kambe T, Kihara H, Hayashida S, Kawakami H. Development of oxygen-18 separation unit by oxygen distillation[J]. Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corp. Quarterly, 2004, 23: 20-25
[4]	Koichi Asano. Mass Transfer:from Fundamentals to Modern Industrial Applications[M]. Weinheim: Willey-VCH, 2006:252-257
[5]	Andreev B M, Magomedbekov E P, Raitman A A, et al. Separation of Isotopes of Biogenic Elements in Two-Phase System[M]. Amsterdam:Elsevier, 2007: 275-277
[6]	Li Hulin(李虎林). Production technology status and development trend of stable isotopes C, N and O[J]. Journal of Isotopes(同位素), 2011, 24:7-14
[7]	Pozen A M. Theory of Isotope Separation in Column[M]. Moscow: Atom Press, 1960:97-105
[8]	Wolf D, Cohen H. Process design consideration and steady-state operational data for separations of isotopes of oxygen[J]. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 1972, 50(5):621-627
[9]	Thürkauf M, Narten A, Kuhn W. Trennung und konzentrationsverlauf der sauerstoffistopen 16O, 17O und 18O bei der destillation von Wasser in einer präzisionsdestillationsanlage[J]. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 1960, 43(4): 989-1004
[10]	Fraenkel Z, Paviv A. Plate by plate calculations of multicomponent distillation columns using difference equations(Ⅰ): Ideal cascades and constant flow columns operating at total reflux[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 1963, 18:697-709
[11]	Jiang Yongyue(姜永悦), Chen Yuyan(陈玉岩), Qin Chuanjiang(秦川江), Liu Yan(刘言), Gu Hongsen(谷宏森).Simulation and optimization of stable isotope 18O separation by cascade distillation[J].Journal of Isotopes(同位素), 2011, 24(B12):102-105
[12]	Chen Yuyan(陈玉岩), Qin Chuanjiang(秦川江), Xiao Bin(肖斌), Xu Jing'an(徐静安).Simulation and optimization of stable isotopes 18O separation by water vacuum distillation[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology (原子能科学技术), 2012, 46(5):533-536
[13]	Eisenberg D, Kauzmann W.The Structure and Properties of Water[M].London: Oxford Univeristy Press, 2006:182-184
[14]	Yang Guohua(杨国华), Zeng Quanxing(曾权兴).Staple Isotopes Separation(稳定同位素分离)[M].Beijing:Nuclear Energy Press, 1989:264-268
[15]	Szapiro S, Steckel F.Physical properties of heavy-oxygen water(Ⅱ): Vapor pressure[J]. Trans. Faraday Soc., 1967, 63(4):883-894
[16]	Dostrovsky I, Gillis J, Llewellyn D R, Vromen B H. The separation of isotopes by fractional distillation(Ⅱ): Determination of parameters from production data — value of the unit process separation factor for the H216O-H218O system[J]. Journal of the Chemical Society, 1952(9): 3517-3524
[17]	Dostrovsky I, Epstein M. The production of stable isotopes of oxygen[J].Anal. Chem. Symp. Ser., 1982, 11: 693-702
[18]	Matsunaga N, Nagashima A. Saturation vapor pressure and critical constans of H2O, D2O, T2O and their isotopic mixture[J]. International Journal of Thermophysics, 1987, 8(6):681-694
[19]	Duan Liangwei(段良伟), Xue Gaoping(薛高平), Weng Huixin(翁惠新). Research progress of lump kinetic model of fluid catalytic cracking[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress(化工进展), 2010, 29(2): 22-27
[20]	Zhang Hongmei(张红梅), Yin Yunhua(尹云华), ZhaoYubo(赵雨波), Luo Dianying(罗殿英). Application of Lumping method on complex reaction kinetic model[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry & Enginnering(化学工业与工程技术), 2010, 31(2): 33-37
[21]	Villani Stelio. Isotope Separation[M]. Hinsdale:American Nuclear Society, 1976:277-279
[22]	Sun Lanyi(孙兰义).Chemical Engineering Process Simulation using Aspen Plus(化工流程模拟实训——Aspen Plus教程)[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2012:55-65