Abstract: The reverse microemulsion of Span80-Tween80/isooctane/AM-H₂O was prepared and polymerized, and the regular changes of electrical conductance at different HLB values were studied with the conductivity method.The effects of adding n-butanol, NaCl and NaAc on the changes of conductivity properties were discussed.The micro-structure and the size distribution of PAM particle were invested with TEM, AFM, DSC, laser nanometer measurement before and after polymerization.The results showed that the change of electrical conductance was lower when HLB value approached 5.4, it almost had no change when the concentration of n-butanol was 25 g•L^-1, and its stability was enhanced when 50 g•L^-1 NaCl or 25 g•L^-1 NaAc was added in the system.Polymer microemulsion relative molecule weight（M_R）5.64×10⁶ and solid content of PAM 32% was obtained after polymerization, and the polymer was mono-disperse, globular nanometer material.The diameter of PAM particle(D) was 140 nm, and its size distribution was narrow.The surface area and glass transformation temperature (T_g) of the polymer was 21.684 m²•g^-1 and 193℃,respectively.

Key words: 反相微乳液, 丙烯酰胺, 聚合, 微观结构

摘要： 制备稳定的Span80-Tween80/异辛烷/AM-H2O反相微乳液聚合体系;用电导法考察了不同HLB（亲水-亲油平衡）值下电导率的变化规律;研究了正丁醇、氯化钠和乙酸钠对微乳液体系电导率变化的影响规律.采用TEM、AFM、DSC、激光纳米粒度仪等手段测定了聚合前后微乳液的粒子形态、粒度和粒度分布.结果表明：HLB为5.4时，体系的电导率变化较小，正丁醇浓度为25 g•L^-1时电导率几乎没有变化，形成的微乳液较为稳定，而且增溶的水相也比较多.当氯化钠浓度为50 g•L^-1或醋酸钠浓度为25 g•L^-1时会增加体系的稳定性.对该体系聚合，可以得到相对分子质量（M_R）为5.64×10⁶、固含量为32%的聚合物乳液.所制备的聚合物为球形、单分散的准纳米材料，粒径（D）在140 nm左右.反相微乳液聚合的聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）的比表面积为21.684 m²•g^-1，玻璃化转变温度T_g为193℃.

关键词: 反相微乳液, 丙烯酰胺, 聚合, 微观结构