Abstract: With boiler-steam accumulator system as the object of the research, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamic characteristics of this system under two different conditions of steam charging and discharging by the way of combination between simulation and experiment, the mathematical models are based on the lumped parameter theory. The calculation results demonstrate that the established model can correctly reflect the dynamic characteristics of this system, and provide some references for the optimal design and safe operation of the system. Further analysis shows that the steam accumulator needs 57 s to charge steam from the lower limit to the upper limit of pressure in the continuous process of steam charging and discharging, but 67 s in the intermittent process, which is longer obviously. At the same time, for some using steam occasions of periodic intermittent or instant, the effect of the continuous steam charging and discharging is more significant in terms of eliminating large fluctuation of load in the steam boiler, stabilizing pressure, improving the efficiency of the boiler, etc.

Key words: boiler-steam accumulator, mathematical models, characteristics of steam charging and discharging, dynamic simulation, experimental validation

摘要： 以锅炉-蓄热器系统为研究对象，采用集总参数法建立了相应的数学模型，并通过仿真与实验相结合的方式，对两种不同充放汽条件下的系统动态特性进行了研究分析。结果表明所建模型能够正确地反映出系统的动态特性，可为系统的设计优化与安全运行提供一定的参考。进一步分析可知，连续充放汽过程蓄热器从压力下限充到上限每次需要57 s，而间断充放汽过程则需要67 s，时间明显变长；同时对于某些需要周期性间断或瞬间大负荷用汽量的场合，在消除供汽锅炉负荷的较大波动、稳定供汽压力、提高锅炉效率等方面，连续充放汽的效果更为显著。

关键词: 锅炉-蓄热器, 数学模型, 充放汽特性, 动态仿真, 实验验证