Abstract: The oil shale from Huadian，Jilin was taken as research object，and extraction with dichloromethane and petroleum ether was conducted at two stages. SEM pictures of untreated oil shale and two stage extraction residue were taken，and dichloromethane and petroleum ether raffinate were analyzed with GC/MS. The dissolution behavior of Huadian oil shale in these two extractants and surface morphology of extraction residue were studied. With dual-stage extraction，relatively smooth lamellar structure of oil shale particles gradually disappeared，particle size tended to be smaller，particle surface became more uneven，and liquid-solid contact area increased. Dichloromethane and petroleum ether were able to dissolve paraffinic hydrocarbons in oil shale. The major components of extract were C15 to C28 saturated alkanes. Solvent extraction could effectively extract a class of or similar compounds from oil shale. Oil shale extraction is significant to studying composition of oil shale and extracting the components of high economic value.

Key words: alkane, solvent extraction, solubility, oil shale

摘要： 以吉林桦甸油页岩为研究对象，通过二氯甲烷、石油醚两级萃取，对油页岩原矿、两级萃余物进行SEM扫描，对二氯甲烷萃取液、石油醚萃取液进行GC/MS检测，研究桦甸油页岩在两级溶液的溶解行为以及各级萃余物表面物理形貌。结果表明，随着萃取的加深，油页岩颗粒相对光滑的片层结构逐渐消失，颗粒粒径趋于细小，表面沟壑逐渐增多，后级萃取时液固接触面积增加。二氯甲烷和石油醚对油页岩中烷烃溶出能力较强。两级萃取物组分主要由C15～C28饱和烷烃构成。溶剂萃取法可以有效地提取油页岩中一类或相似的化合物群，对研究油页岩构成及提取高经济价值成分有重要意义。

关键词: 烷烃, 溶剂萃取, 溶解性, 油页岩