Abstract:

A fractal char particle combustion model was developed to study the char combustion mechanism and improve the prediction accuracy of the char combustion characteristics. This model considered the coupling effects of the secondary reactions and gas diffusion within the char pores. The apparent reaction order of char combustion changed with the particle temperature, the O₂ partial pressure at the particle surface and the particle pore structure parameters instead of keeping constant 1. The primary CO/CO₂ ratio was obtained by theoretical derivation. The combustion characteristics of eleven different chars were analyzed by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) with their apparent activation energies and pre-exponential factors measured which were used to solve the undetermined model parameters. These chars were also combusted in a drop tube furnace (DTF) and the char samples were collected at the outlet of the DTF. The conversions of these char samples were measured by TGA based on the ash conservation method. The combustion processes of these chars were simulated by this model. The predicted char conversions by this model were matched very well with the measured data and the accuracy was significantly improved compared with the intrinsic model, proving that this model had good accuracy over a wide range of char particles from lignite to anthracite. The study also showed that the apparent reaction order of char combustion first decreased and then gradually stabilized in the char combustion process.

Key words: char combustion, model, simulation, drop tube furnace, experimental validation, apparent reaction order, fractals

摘要：

为了深入研究煤焦燃烧的机理并提高对煤焦燃烧过程的预测精度,建立了一个综合的煤焦燃烧模型。该模型考虑了煤焦颗粒孔隙内二次反应与扩散的耦合作用、煤焦燃烧反应阶数的变化和反应过程中CO/CO₂比例等问题。使用热天平(TGA)对11种煤焦的燃烧特性进行分析,测得各种煤焦的表观活化能与指前因子,以确定模型中的待定参数。在沉降炉(DTF)中对这11种煤焦做燃烧实验,用TGA基于灰分守恒测得DTF炉管出口处的煤焦样品的转化率。运用建立的模型模拟这些煤焦的燃烧过程,预测的转化率与实验结果有较好的吻合度,相比传统的本征动力学模型,该模型预测的精度有了较大提高,证明了该模型能适用于从褐煤到无烟煤的较广煤焦范围。研究还发现,煤焦燃烧的表观反应阶数在燃烧过程中不断减小并最终趋于稳定。

关键词: 煤焦燃烧, 模型, 模拟, 沉降炉, 实验验证, 表观反应阶数, 分形