The thermal decomposition of sodium supersulphate (SS) and potassium supersulphate (PS) was investigated with accelerating rate calorimeter.The curves of thermal decomposition temperature and pressure versus time for the two systems were obtained.The kinetic parameters such as apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the thermal decomposition of PS and SS were calculated by the rate constant method.The test decomposition characteristics were modified in adiabatic conditions by the thermal inertia factor.The results showed that the initial exothermic temperature of SS was 156.38℃, the maximum exothermic temperature was 293.01℃, maximum self-heatup rate was 1451.88 ℃·min^-1,the time to maximum self-heatup rate was 358.13 min and the apparent activation energy was 227.11 kJ·mol^-1, but the initial exothermic temperature of PS was 139.07℃, the maximum exothermic temperature was 289.74℃, maximum self-heatup rate was 202.57 ℃·min^-1, the time to maximum self-heatup rate was 386.92 min and the apparent activation energy was 170.68 kJ·mol^-1.It can be seen from the results that PS is much easier to decompose, but the reaction of SS is more drastic.

Generalized correlative index (GCI) is a novel user-oriented descriptor for molecular structural representation.By defining generalized correlative function (GCF), property correlative parameters (PCPs) and distance-relational function (DRF), GCI is based on molecular topological pattern and mode of apex connection and is able to perform self-adaptation and regulation in actual problems, thus possessing more extensive applications and superior correlation with properties.Applying this index to normal boiling point (NBP) of three classes of organic compounds, the resultant QSPR models all have their correlative coefficients R_cum above 0.99.It shows that GCI is superior in selecting molecular structures and correlating with molecular properties.

Mass transfer coefficient is one of the main parameters to evaluate the performance of hollow fiber modules.With the help of Matlab software, the shell-side flow field was simulated numerically under the condition of well-developed fluid flow.The theoretical model considers the effects of both the inner wall of the module shell and the random distribution of the hollow fibers on the shell-side mass transfer performance.For different packing densities of hollow fibers, the concentration field and the shell-side mass transfer coefficients of dialyzers were obtained with the concentration boundary condition of constant wall flux.The results showed that the packing/distribution of hollow fibers had a great effect on the shell-side mass transfer coefficient.Within the range of packing density studied (10%—50%), when the packing density increased, the shell-side mass transfer coefficient firstly increased and then decreased, and its randomicity decreased in general.

This paper describes two configurations of liquid desiccant dehumidifiers—internally cooled and adiabatic dehumidifiers.Based on the Navier-Stokes equation，the processes of heat and mass transfers between air and liquid desiccant were modeled in vertical parallel film laminar flow.Aqueous lithium chloride was used as liquid desiccant，and the dehumidification processes were simulated on the two types of dehumidifiers with the same dimension.The parameters changes of air and liquid desiccant along the direction of plate height were obtained.A comparison between the two dehumidifiers was made under the same operation conditions.The results showed that the temperature of liquid desiccant coming from the internally cooled dehumidifier was much lower，very close to the temperature of the cooling medium，and its outlet air humidity was 5.1 g·kg^-1 less than the one of the adiabatic dehumidifier，and the outlet air temperature was 10.5℃ lower.On the other hand，the concentration of the liquid desiccant changed little.The concentration difference between inlet and outlet liquid desiccant was less than 1%.

In an agitated fluidized bed using Geldart D particles as fluidized materials with a static bed height of 400 mm and an inner diameter of 188 mm, the pressure fluctuation signals at different rotation speeds of stirrer blade and gas velocities were analyzed with the wavelet analysis method for investigating the influence of agitation of stirrer blade on the fluidization behavior.The pressure fluctuation signals were decomposed into 9 scales by Dau2 wavelet.Experimental results indicated that the wavelet energy characteristics of Scale 1 detailed signal changed sharply in a certain range of gas velocity.Then the criteria of the minimum bubbling velocity and full bubbling velocity were developed.The Geldart D particles showed particulate fluidization due to the rotation of stirrer blade.The minimum bubbling velocity and full bubbling velocity increased linearly with increasing rotation speeds of stirrer blade, while the fluidized bed transformed from bubbling fluidization to particulate fluidization.Gas velocity was the major cause for the pressure fluctuation in the bubbling fluidization regime and increasing rotation speed of stirrer blade had little effect on the bubble frequency, but made the bubble size smaller obviously.

A two-dimensional numerical model was presented for simulating the fluid flow during the bio-venting remediation process.The axis symmetry contaminated zone with a single vertical injection well was used for this simulation.The changes of fluid fields with time were obtained and the results from simulation showed that fluid field changed greatly in the first 30 min，and the change became smaller from 30 min to 60 min. After 60 min，nearly no change was obtained.The required time to develop the steady fluid fields was about 60 min with air injection rates of 81.504 m³·d^-1 and 407.52 m³·d^-1.The transport，mass transfer and biodegradation of contaminants could be simulated in follow-up studies based on the results of the flow modeling.

A high-performance Pd membrane for H₂ separation was prepared by the modified electroless plating method.In order to obtain pure H2 for fuel cell use,the NH3 cracker was integrated with a Pd membrane-based purifier and the permeation performance of Pd membrane (H₂ flux, recovery yield and purity)was investigated at 510℃ and a pressure range from 0.1 MPa to 0.5 MPa.High separation efficiency was achieved with such an intergrated system.A 75 cm³·cm^-2·min^-1H₂ flow with purity as high as 99.93% could be obtained.Throughout a 120 h stability test, the H₂ flux and recovery yield were maintained at 63 cm³·cm^-2·min^-1and 85% respectively.

Lipase-catalyzed optical resolution of R(-)-mandelic acid via RS-ethyl mandelate in non-aqueous media was studied.Lipase N435 was screened as the catalyst, and tert-butanol was used as the solvent.When lipase N435 was 2.5 g·L^-1, RS-ethyl mandelate was 0.25 mol·L^-1, water to RS-ethyl mandelate was 5∶1(molar ratio),the reaction temperature was 40℃, the speed of agitation was 200 r·min^-1, the R (-)-ethyl mandelate conversion could reach 41.6%, and enantiomeric excess (e.e.) was 84.0% after 24 h.Inhibition by the substrate and product was also investigated.A kinetic model was established by following the ordered bi-bi mechanism and quasi-steady state.Good agreement between experimental data and the simulation results was obtained.

The production of 1,3-propanediol from glycerol by Klebsiella pneumoniae encapsulated in NaCS/PDMDAAC capsules with a liquid core was investigated.The cell growth, glycerol consumption,1,3-propanediol accumulation by encapsulated K.pneumoniae were compared with free culture in flasks.The immobilized K.pneumoniae was also cultured in a packed bed reactor.The biomass in microcapsules reached 6 g·L^-1, far higher than 2.5 g·L^-1 in flask for free culture.Glycerol was consumed completely in 12 h for immobilized cells, compared with 27 h for free cells.The encapsulated cells produced 1,3-propanediol of 13 g·L^-1 in fermentation broth, lower than 17.5 g·L^-1 in free culture.If 1,3-propanediol in microcapsules was considered, the yield (Y_P/S) for immobilized cell was 0.613 mol·mol^-1, which was higher than 0.545 mol·mol^-1 for free culture.For batch fermentations in the packed bed reactor, the method of increasing substrate concentration was adopted to increase the final 1,3-propanediol concentration, and the maximal 1,3-propanediol concentration reached 58.1 g·L^-1 with molar yield of 0.596 mol·mol^-1 and productivity of 5.28 g·L^-1·h^-1 at the initial glycerol concentration of 120 g·L^-1.Six batches of fermentation in packed bed reactor was carried out and the results could be reproduced.

Diol dehydratase of Lactobacillus diolivorans was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel filtration chromatography.The molecular mass of the native complex was estimated to be 200×10³ by nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.Three main bands were present after SDS-PAGE with molecular masses of 62×10³, 35×10³ and 22×10³, respectively. K_m for the three main substrates were 1.3 mmol·L^-1 for 1,2-propanediol，5.8 mmol·L^-1 for glycerol and 10.3 mmol·L^-1 for 1,2-ethanediol.K_m for adenosylcobalamin coenzyme was 1.5 μmol·L^-1, which was required for the enzyme catalysis.The optimal reaction conditions of the enzyme were pH 8.6 and 37℃.

The effects of pH,Al³⁺ and PO^3-₄ on the adsorption of phenol by MnO₂ formed in situ were studied in aqueous solution.The behavior and adsorption mechanism were investigated.The adsorption isotherm was of “S” shape.The adsorption process of phenol on MnO₂ formed in situ was divided into adsorption on the external surface of MnO₂ formed in situ and diffusion to the interior of MnO₂.Phenol adsorption capacity decreased slightly with increasing pH in the range of 6—9，but declined to nearly zero at pH≥10.The presence of a small amount of aluminum ion adsorbed onto the oxide surface changed the surface characteristics, which promoted the adsorption of phenol.Phosphate inhibited the adsorption of phenol by forming a negatively charged complex with phenol.

The degradation of 4-aminophenol (PAP) in aqueous solution with the combination of sonolysis and ozonation was investigated with laboratory-scale experiments.The effects of pH value, ozone dose, ultrasound energy density and reaction temperature on the reaction kinetics were investigated.Experimental results showed that ozonation combined with sonolysis was effective for the treatment of PAP and up to 99% of PAP was removed after 30 min reaction with ozone dose 88 mg·min^-1, pH value 11.0,ultrasound energy density 0.3 W·ml^-1, and room temperature.In all cases,the degradation of PAP followed pseudo-first-order kinetics.A simplified model for PAP degradation was derived by accounting for the contribution of pH value, ozone dose, ultrasound density and reaction temperature in the O₃/US system.

The formation, micromorphology characteristics and heavy metals enrichment of fine particles generated during coal combustion were studied.The particles were sampled by using impacting classifier, the micromorphology was examined with SEM and the heavy metals content was measured with atomic absorption spectrophotometer.The results indicated that the morphology and heavy metals enrichment of the particles were related to the particle size.Coarse particles commonly showed irregular shapes,while particles were closer to spherical shape with decreasing size.Submicron particles were always spherical and usually attached to big ones.The heavy metals content of the particles increased with decreasing particle size.

Triazinyl aminostilbene fluorescent brighteners (FBs)can be synthesized through three-step condensation reaction of 4,4′-diamino stilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid (DSD acid) with cyanuric chloride (CC) and two amino compounds.The quaternary ammonium salt fluorescent brighteners were synthesized by changing reactants of the third condensation reaction.Triethylamine and triethanolamine were used to replace diethylamine and diethanolamine.The ultraviolet ray absorption in solutions, photoinduced isomerization phenomena, fluorescence emission properties and application properties of quaternary ammonium salt FBs and nonquaternary ammonium salt FBs were investigate.The acid/alkali resistance of quaternary ammonium salt FBs was higher and the application was wider, but the ultraviolet ray absorption and fluorescence emission performance were lower than those of nonquaternary ammonium salt FBs.At the same time, quaternary ammonium salt FBs had obvious phenomena of photoinduced isomerization and its light stability was also low.

Aluminum pillared interlayered clay (Al-PILC) calcined at 773 K was the most appropriate support for immobilization of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) among several materials investigated.HRP could be immobilized on the Al-PILC via hydrogen bonding between functional groups of support and amino groups of the enzyme. The support and immobilized enzyme were characterized with N₂-adsorption and desorption, XRD and FT-IR.An optimum condition for immobilization with enzyme immobilization efficiency of about 100% was obtained when the dose of support was greater than 0.45 mg per unit enzyme activity and reaction time exceeded 15 min.HRP immobilized on Al-PILC exhibited good catalytic performance.