微流控制备新型功能纳米粒子研究进展

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20220935

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

纳米粒子在显示器、催化剂和生物医学等领域有着广泛的应用，其可控制备一直是研究的重点。与传统的间歇釜式生产工艺相比，微流控技术具有高效混合、传质传热快、反应条件精准可控以及可在线分析等特点，可用于高效连续化合成单分散纳米粒子，并为新型功能纳米粒子的开发提供了平台。本文主要介绍了近年来微流控技术在新型功能纳米粒子制备中的应用，重点综述了在量子点、金属及金属氧化物纳米粒子制备中的研究进展，并对其未来方向进行展望。

关键词: 微流控, 量子点, 金属纳米粒子, 金属氧化物纳米粒子

Abstract:

Nanoparticles have a wide range of applications in fields such as displays, catalysts and biomedicine, and their controlled preparation has always been the focus of research. Compared with the traditional batch production process, microfluidic technology has the characteristics of high mixing efficiency, rapid mass and heat transfer, accurate reaction condition control, and compatibility with online analysis, which can be used for efficient continuous synthesis of monodisperse nanoparticles and provide a platform for the development of new functional nanoparticles. This paper mainly introduces the application of microfluidic technology in the preparation of new functional nanoparticles in recent years, focusing on the research progress in the preparation of quantum dots, metals and metal oxide nanoparticles, and the future direction is prospected.

Key words: microfluidics, quantum dots, metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles

中图分类号:

TQ 052.5

黄心童, 耿宇昊, 刘恒源, 陈卓, 徐建鸿. 微流控制备新型功能纳米粒子研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(1): 355-364.

Xintong HUANG, Yuhao GENG, Hengyuan LIU, Zhuo CHEN, Jianhong XU. Research progress on new functional nanoparticles prepared by microfluidic technology[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(1): 355-364.

图/表 9

图1 微流控制备碳点的实验装置示意图[37]

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus for microfluidic synthesis of carbon dots[37]

图2 微流控制备全光谱碳点装置示意图(a)；连续法合成碳点的TEM图(b)；高压釜中合成碳点的TEM图(c)；碳点的全荧光光谱(d)；碳点380、480和550 nm激发光下显示蓝色、黄色和红色荧光(e)[39]

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of an apparatus for microfluidic synthesis of full-spectrum carbon dots (a); TEM images of carbon dots synthesized by a continuous method (b) and in an autoclave at a scale of 10 nm (c); The full fluorescence spectrum of the CDs: from the blue to red regions (d); CDs showing blue, yellow, and red fluorescence under excitation by light at 380, 480 and 550 nm, respectively (e)[39]

图3 微流控制备CdSe量子点的实验装置示意图[40]

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus for microfluidic synthesis of CdSe quantum dots[40]

图4 微流控制备CdSe量子点的装置示意图(a)；微混合器实拍图[41](b)；两种微流控方法制备CdSe量子点的装置示意图[42](c)

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of an apparatus for microfluidic synthesis of CdSe quantum dots (a); The picture of micromixer[41] (b); Schematic diagram of two microfluidic methods for CdSe quantum dots synthesis[42] (c)

图5 液滴流微反应器装置示意图(a)；CsPb(X/Y)3@APTES限域生长和自水解过程(b)[52]

Fig.5 Design and schematic of droplet-based microreactor system (DBMS) (a) and the confined growth and self-hydrolysis processes of CsPb(X/Y)3@APTES (b)[52]

图6 智能模块化流体微处理器示意图(a)；胶体量子点自主合成和优化流程图(b)[54]

Fig.6 Schematic of the developed smart modular fluidic microprocessor (a); The process flow diagram of autonomous synthesis and optimization of colloidal quantum dots (b)[54]

图7 微流控制备Ag NPs的实验装置示意图[63]

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus for microfluidic synthesis of Ag NPs[63]

图8 高通量微流体平台（右）和两步优化算法框架（左）[65]

Fig.8 High-throughput microfluidic platform (right) and two-step optimization algorithmic framework (left)[65]

图9 ZnO纳米粒子的不同类型微反应器制备：超临界微反应器[69] (a)；超声微反应器[70] (b)；液滴流微反应器[71] (c)

Fig.9 Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles with different types of microreactors : supercritical microfluidics setup[69] (a); ultrasonication microreactor[70] (b);droplet-based microreactor[71] (c)

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