R1150/R600a自复叠制冷循环开机动态特性实验研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20221631

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

搭建带分凝器的自复叠制冷循环实验台，采用环境友好非共沸混合工质R1150/R600a，通过实验分析了带分凝器的自复叠制冷循环和传统自复叠制冷循环在不同蒸发压力和组分配比下的开机动态特性。研究表明，随着蒸发压力降低，两种循环制冷温度均降低、排气压力均升高，带分凝器的自复叠制冷循环温降更大，蒸发器进口温度最低可达到-73.8℃；开机后，带分凝器的自复叠制冷循环更快达到稳定制冷温度，低温箱温降速率更快。R1150/R600a组分配比为0.3∶0.7时，蒸发器进口温度最低可达到-77.2℃，较传统循环低5.6℃。随着低沸点组分增大，两种循环降温速率更快，但压缩机的排气温度升高，带分凝器的自复叠制冷循环压缩机排气温度较传统自复叠制冷循环高25.0~36.0℃。

关键词: 自复叠制冷, 非共沸, 混合工质, 分凝器, 开机动态特性

Abstract:

An experimental bench of auto-cascade refrigeration cycle with dephlegmator was set up. The startup dynamic characteristics of the auto-cascade refrigeration cycle with dephlegmator and that of the traditional auto-cascade refrigeration cycle under different evaporation pressure and composition ratio were analyzed experimentally using the environment-friendly non-azeotropic mixed refrigerant R1150/R600a. The results showed that the refrigeration temperatures of both cycles decreased and the compressor exhaust pressures increased with the decrease of evaporative pressure, and the temperature drop of auto-cascade refrigeration cycle with dephlegmator was larger, the lowest evaporator inlet temperature reached -73.8℃ while the evaporation pressure was 280 kPa. After startup, the auto-cascade refrigeration cycle with dephlegmator can reach stable refrigeration temperature faster, the temperature drop rate of cryogenic chamber was faster, and the refrigeration temperature was lower. When the R1150/R600a mass fraction ratio was 0.3∶0.7, the evaporator inlet temperature reached -77.2℃, 5.6℃ lower than the traditional auto-cascade refrigeration cycle. With the increase of the mass fraction of low boiling point component, the cooling rates of both cycles were faster. However, the compressor exhaust temperature increased. The compressor discharge temperature of the conventional auto-cascade refrigeration cycle was 25.0—36.0℃ lower than that of the auto-cascade refrigeration cycle with dephlegmator.

Key words: auto-cascade refrigeration, non-azeotropic, mixed-refrigerant, dephlegmator, startup dynamic characteristics

中图分类号:

TB 66

谈莹莹, 刘晓庆, 王林, 黄鲤生, 李修真, 王占伟. R1150/R600a自复叠制冷循环开机动态特性实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2023, 74(S1): 213-222.

Yingying TAN, Xiaoqing LIU, Lin WANG, Lisheng HUANG, Xiuzhen LI, Zhanwei WANG. Experimental study on startup dynamic characteristics of R1150/R600a auto-cascade refrigeration cycle[J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 213-222.

图/表 17

图1 带分凝器的喷射增效自复叠制冷循环实验台原理及实物图

Fig.1 The principle and physical diagram of ejector enhanced auto-cascade refrigeration cycle with dephlegmator

表1 ARCD循环实验台设计参数

Table 1 Design parameters of experimental system for ARCD cycle

设计参数	设计值	单位	设计参数	设计值	单位
低沸点质量组分	40	%	冷凝器换热量	342	W
高沸点质量组分	60	%	蒸发器换热量	131	W
冷凝温度	30	℃	进口空气温度	20	℃
蒸发器进口温度	-97.54	℃	出口空气温度	25	℃
蒸发器出口温度	-80	℃	制冷剂质量流量	0.001	kg/s

表2 测量仪表与误差

Table 2 Instrument uncertainties

测量参数	测量仪器	精度	量程	误差
质量分数	Agilent7890B气相色谱仪	—	—	0.005
压力	UNIK5000	0.1级	0~3.0 MPa	$±$ 3 kPa(满度)
温度	T型热电偶	$± 0.2$ ℃	-250~350℃	$±$ 0.1℃(标定后)

表2 测量仪表与误差

Table 2 Instrument uncertainties

测量参数	测量仪器	精度	量程	误差
质量分数	Agilent7890B气相色谱仪	—	—	0.005
压力	UNIK5000	0.1级	0~3.0 MPa	$±$ 3 kPa(满度)
温度	T型热电偶	$± 0.2$ ℃	-250~350℃	$±$ 0.1℃(标定后)

图2 ARC循环中不同蒸发压力下蒸发器进口温度随时间的变化

Fig.2 Variation of evaporator inlet temperature with running time under different evaporation pressure in ARC cycle

图3 ARC循环中不同蒸发压力下箱内温度随时间的变化

Fig.3 Variation of temperature of low-temperature cabinet with running time under different evaporation pressure in ARC cycle

图4 ARC循环中不同蒸发压力下压缩机排气压力随时间的变化

Fig.4 Variation of discharge pressure of compressor with running time under different evaporation pressure in ARC cycle

图5 ARC循环中不同蒸发压力下压缩机排气温度随时间的变化

Fig.5 Variation of discharge temperature of compressor with running time under different evaporation pressure in ARC cycle

图6 ARCD循环中不同蒸发压力下蒸发器进口温度随时间的变化

Fig.6 Variation of evaporator inlet temperature with running time under different evaporation pressure in ARCD cycle

图7 ARCD循环中不同蒸发压力下箱内温度随时间的变化

Fig.7 Variation of temperature of low-temperature cabinet with running time under different evaporation pressure in ARCD cycle

图8 ARCD循环中不同蒸发压力下压缩机排气压力随时间的变化

Fig.8 Variation of discharge pressure of compressor with running time under different evaporation pressure in ARCD cycle

图9 ARCD循环中不同蒸发压力下压缩机排气温度随时间的变化

Fig.9 Variation of discharge temperature of compressor with running time under different evaporation pressure in ARCD cycle

图10 ARC循环和ARCD循环中蒸发器进口温度随时间的变化

Fig.10 Variation of evaporator inlet temperature with running time in ARC and ARCD cycle

图11 ARC循环和ARCD循环箱内温度随时间的变化

Fig.11 Variation of temperature of low-temperature cabinet with running time in ARC and ARCD cycle

图12 ARC循环和ARCD循环压缩机排气温度随时间的变化

Fig.12 Variation of discharge temperature of compressor with running time in ARC and ARCD cycle

图13 ARC循环和ARCD循环中蒸发器进口温度随时间变化

Fig.13 Variation of evaporator inlet temperature with running time in ARC and ARCD cycle

图14 ARC循环和ARCD循环箱内温度随时间的变化

Fig.14 Variation of temperature of low-temperature cabinet with running time in ARC and ARCD

图15 ARC循环和ARCD循环压缩机排气温度随时间的变化

Fig.15 Variation of discharge temperature of compressor with running time in ARC and ARCD cycle

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