静电辅助多孔液体的制备及特性研究

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20181183

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以硬模法制备的纳米中空SiO₂颗粒为腔洞结构，利用聚合咪唑阳离子与SiO₂的静电作用使SiO₂颗粒表面带正电荷，在外表面冠以磺化聚乙二醇赋予中空SiO₂颗粒流动性，制备得到静电辅助的中空二氧化硅多孔液体。性能表征表明多孔液体具有大小约为10 nm的孔径均一的球形腔洞，多孔液体的中空SiO₂含量约为13%(质量)，室温条件下多孔液体的黏度为2.25 Pa·s，表现出良好的流动性。模拟结果得到聚合咪唑阳离子与中空SiO₂的吸附能为279.55 kJ/mol，证实聚合咪唑阳离子可以紧密黏附在中空SiO₂表面。采用的静电辅助表面修饰的方法为设计与制备多孔液体提供了一条新思路。

关键词: 多孔液体, 中空SiO₂颗粒, 聚合咪唑阳离子, 静电作用, 流动性

Abstract:

Electrostatic-assisted hollow silica porous liquid was here obtained. First, nano-hollow SiO₂ particles were prepared by hard template, which took the role of pore structures of porous liquid. Then the surface of SiO₂ particles was positively charged by the electrostatic action of the polymeric imidazolium cation. Finally, sulfonated polyethylene glycol was added on the surface of hollow SiO₂ particles to obtain the fluidity. As the characterizations of properties revealed, porous liquid had a spherical cavity with a uniform pore size of about 10 nm and the content of hollow SiO₂ in porous liquid was about 13% by mass. Porous liquid had a viscosity of 2.25 Pa·s at room temperature, which revealed a good fluidity. Simulation results showed that the physisorption energy of the most stable optimized structure was 279.55 kJ/mol, which indicated a strong interaction between hollow SiO₂ and polymeric imidazolium cation. The method of electrostatically assisted surface modification provides a new idea for designing and preparing porous liquids.

Key words: porous liquid, hollow SiO₂ particle, polymeric imidazolium cation, electrostatic interaction, fluidity

中图分类号:

TB 383

生丽莎, 陈振乾. 静电辅助多孔液体的制备及特性研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(3): 1163-1170.

Lisha SHENG, Zhenqian CHEN. Preparation and characterization of electrostatic-assisted porous liquid[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(3): 1163-1170.

图/表 8

图1 多孔液体制备流程及结构

Fig.1 Synthesis and schematic structures of hollow silica and porous liquid

图2 中空SiO2及多孔液体微观结构

Fig.2 TEM images of hollow silica and porous liquid

图3 中空SiO2 N2吸脱附等温线及孔径分布

Fig.3 N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm and pore size distribution of hollow silica

图4 中空SiO2和多孔液体的傅里叶红外光谱图

Fig.4 FTIR spectra of hollow silica and porous liquid

图5 多孔液体和磺化聚乙二醇热重曲线

Fig.5 TG curves of hollow silica and porous liquid

图6 多孔液体黏度(PL1~PL4为实心SiO2液体材料，PL0、PL5为中空SiO2多孔液体)

Fig.6 Viscosity of porous liquid with different core size and fraction (PL1-PL4 were solid SiO2 liquid materials, PL5 and PL0 were hollow SiO2 porous liquid)

图7 室温条件下多孔液体的流动性

Fig.7 Fluidity of porous liquid at room temperature

图8 聚合咪唑阳离子简化构型(n=10)及咪唑阳离子在中空SiO2表面上的吸附构型

Fig.8 Simplified configuration of imidazolium cation (n=10) and adsorption configuration of imidazolium cation on hollow silica

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