化工学报 ›› 2003, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (2): 226-231.

• 能源和环境工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

燃煤过程中CaO及钙基固氟剂对氟析出的控制

齐庆杰;刘建忠;周俊虎;曹欣玉;程军;张淑新;岑可法   

  1. 浙江大学热能工程研究所能源洁净利用与环境工程教育部重点实验室
  • 出版日期:2003-02-25 发布日期:2003-02-25

FLUORIDE EMISSION CONTROL BY BLENDING AND INJECTING CaO AND CALCIUM-BASED SORBENTS DURING COAL COMBUSTION

QI Qingjie;LIU Jianzhong;ZHOU Junhu;CAO Xinyu;CHENG Jun;ZHANG Shuxin;CEN Kefa   

  • Online:2003-02-25 Published:2003-02-25

摘要: 燃煤过程中CaO与HF反应生成CaF2.在燃烧温度900 ℃时,CaO对煤中氟析出的抑制范围为12.2%~61.0%,平均为39.5%.CaO固氟最佳条件是:燃烧温度800~1000 ℃,停留时间5~10 min, Ca/S(摩尔比)为2.5~3.0.钙基固氟剂由钙基吸收剂和添加剂组成,主要经历钙基吸收剂的分解反应、CaO固氟反应及硅铝钙等化合物的复合反应而形成高温稳定的固氟产物.工业链条炉燃烧试验表明:钙基固氟剂在全预混添加方式下固氟率为54.0%~64.8%,平均为59.3%;在半预混半喷射两段添加方式下固氟率为72.5%~80.5%,平均为75.5%,明显高于全预混添加方式. CaO和钙基固氟剂的固氟效果与燃烧条件、燃烧方式及固氟剂的种类和成分有关.

关键词:

氟, 煤燃烧, CaO, 钙基固氟剂, 燃烧固氟, 污染控制

Abstract: The experimental and theoretical analysis about toxic fluoride removal during coal combustion are reported in this paper.It has been identified that CaO can restrain the emission of fluoride and fluoride retention ratios are between 12.2% and 61.0%, with mean value 39.5% by blending CaO with coal during coal combustion in tubular furnace at 900 ℃. Influence factors on fluoride retention by blending CaO with coal are studied such as type of coals, combustion temperature,retention time and Ca/S molar ratio.The optimum conditions for fluoride retention by blending CaO with coal are that combustion temperature in the range 800 to 1000 ℃,retention time between 5—10 min and Ca/S ratio in the range 2.5 to 3.0. In chain-grate furnace combustion of coal, fluoride retention ratios are about 54.0%—64.8% with mean value 59.3% by blending calcium-based sorbents with coal and are about 72.5%—80.5% with mean value 75.5% by blending calcium-based sorbents with coal accompanied by injection of calcium-based sorbents.

Key words:

氟, 煤燃烧, CaO, 钙基固氟剂, 燃烧固氟, 污染控制