超声波激励疏水表面液滴运动的实验研究

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20241375

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出一种利用超声波协同疏水表面驱动液滴的抑霜策略，并对超声波激励下铝板表面液滴的输运行为进行了实验研究，分析了超声功率、液滴体积及表面疏水性对液滴直径铺展率、平均运动速率的影响。实验结果表明，液滴在超声波作用下经历了铺展变形―运动―雾化―蒸发四个阶段；其次，液滴直径铺展率随超声功率的增大而增大，但液滴体积对直径铺展率没有显著影响；液滴平均运动速率均与超声功率及液滴体积呈正相关；与裸铝表面相比，疏水表面的液滴直径铺展率增加到1.15倍左右，平均运动速度最大可增加至6倍左右。

关键词: 超声波, 液滴, 疏水性, 铺展, 运动, 流动, 动力学, 表面

Abstract:

An anti-frosting strategy using ultrasonic wave and hydrophobic surface to drive droplets is proposed. The transport behavior of droplets on the aluminum plate surface under ultrasonic excitation is studied experimentally. The effects of ultrasonic power, droplet volume and surface hydrophobicity on the diameter spreading rate, average velocity of droplet are analyzed. The results show that the droplet undergoes four stages of spreading deformation―motion―atomization―evaporation under the action of ultrasonic wave. The droplet diameter spreading rate increases with the increase of ultrasonic power, but the droplet volume has no significant effect on it. The average velocity is positively correlated with ultrasonic power and droplet volume. Compared with the bare aluminum surface, the diameter spreading rate of droplet on the hydrophobic surface increased to about 1.15 times, and the average velocity increased to about 6 times.

Key words: ultrasound, droplets, hydrophobicity, spreading, motion, flow, kinetics, surface

中图分类号:

TN 752.6

吴馨, 龚建英, 李祥宇, 王宇涛, 杨小龙, 蒋震. 超声波激励疏水表面液滴运动的实验研究[J]. 化工学报, 2025, 76(S1): 133-139.

Xin WU, Jianying GONG, Xiangyu LI, Yutao WANG, Xiaolong YANG, Zhen JIANG. Experimental study on the droplet motion on the hydrophobic surface under ultrasonic excitation[J]. CIESC Journal, 2025, 76(S1): 133-139.

图/表 8

图1 超声波驱动液滴实验系统图

Fig.1 Diagram of the experimental system for ultrasonic-driven droplet motion

表1 实验参数误差分析

Table 1 Error analysis of experimental parameters

实验参数	仪器	量程	误差
液滴体积/μl	微量移液器	5~50	±0.1
静态接触角/(°)	接触角测量仪	0~180	±0.1
超声波功率/ W	超声波发生器	0~60	±0.6

图2 液滴运动示意图

Fig.2 Schematic diagram of droplet motion

图3 38.7 W超声波作用于20 μl液滴时的动态演化过程

Fig.3 Dynamic evolution process of 38.7 W ultrasonic wave acting on 20 μl droplet

图4 不同超声功率及液滴体积下液滴的运动特性

Fig.4 Motion characteristics of droplets under different ultrasonic power and droplet volume

图5 38.7 W超声波作用于疏水表面20 μl液滴时的动态演化过程

Fig.5 Dynamic evolution of 38.7 W ultrasonic waves acting on a 20 μl droplet on a hydrophobic surface

图6 不同超声功率及不同液滴体积下裸铝表面与疏水表面液滴的直径铺展率

Fig.6 Diameter spreading rate of droplets on bare aluminum surface and hydrophobic surface under different ultrasonic power and different droplet volume

图7 不同超声功率及不同液滴体积下裸铝表面与疏水表面液滴的平均运动速率

Fig.7 Average movement velocity of droplets on bare aluminum surface and hydrophobic surface under different ultrasonic power and different droplet volume

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