三元硝酸熔盐高温热稳定性实验研究与机理分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2013.05.001

化工学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 64 ›› Issue (5): 1507-1512.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0438-1157.2013.05.001

三元硝酸熔盐高温热稳定性实验研究与机理分析

彭强¹, 杨晓西^1,3, 丁静², 魏小兰¹, 杨建平¹

1. 华南理工大学化学与化工学院传热强化与过程节能教育部重点实验室, 广东广州 510640;
2. 中山大学工学院, 广东广州 510006;
3. 东莞理工学院广东省分布式能源系统重点实验室, 广东东莞 523808

收稿日期:2012-07-27 修回日期:2012-09-28 出版日期:2013-05-05 发布日期:2013-05-05
通讯作者: 丁静
作者简介:彭强(1982-),男,博士。
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB227103); 国家自然科学基金项目(50930007); 国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA050604)。

Experimental study and mechanism analysis for high-temperature thermal stability of ternary nitrate salt

PENG Qiang¹, YANG Xiaoxi^1,3, DING Jing², WEI Xiaolan¹, YANG Jianping¹

1. School of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Enhanced Heat Transfer and Energy Conservation of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China;
2. School of Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China;
3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Distributed Energy Systems, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China

Received:2012-07-27 Revised:2012-09-28 Online:2013-05-05 Published:2013-05-05
Supported by:
supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB227103),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50930007)and the High-tech Research and Development Program of China(2012AA050604).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过熔盐质量损失率和试样中NO₂^-含量变化状况,以及熔盐材料的热重(TG)曲线,研究了三元硝酸熔盐(53%KNO₃- 40%NaNO₂-7%NaNO₃)在空气和氮气气氛中高温条件下的热稳定性性能。结果表明,三元硝酸熔盐空气中的上限使用温度为773 K,高温时存在劣化现象;而在氮气气氛中三元熔盐的热分解温度为723 K。同时,从热力学和动力学角度分析得到,三元硝酸熔盐在773 K以下空气中发生的反应为亚硝酸钠的分解和氧化;而在氮气气氛中三元熔盐723 K以下时主要发生的是亚硝酸钠的分解反应。在氧气含量一定的情况下,氧气的扩散和亚硝酸盐的分解反应符合一级反应动力学模型。

关键词: 硝酸熔盐, 热稳定性, 吉布斯自由能判据

Abstract: High-temperature thermal stability of ternary nitrate salt(53%KNO₃-40%NaNO₂-7%NaNO₃)in air and nitrogen is investigated by mass loss ratio, NO₂^- content of molten salt and thermo-gravimetric analysis.The results show the upper limit of operation temperature is 773 K in air for the ternary nitrate salt and the deterioration will appear at higher temperatures, while the thermal decomposition begins at 723 K and proceeds slowly in nitrogen.According to the thermodynamics and kinetics of molten salt, the thermal decomposition and oxidation of sodium nitrite of the ternary nitrate salt occur below 773 K in air, while the reaction for the ternary salt in nitrogen is the thermal decomposition of sodium nitrite below 723 K.Diffusion of oxygen and decomposition reaction of nitrite follow the first order reaction kinetics when the oxygen content is constant.

Key words: molten nitrate salt, thermal stability, Gibbs free energy criterion

中图分类号:

TK02

彭强, 杨晓西, 丁静, 魏小兰, 杨建平. 三元硝酸熔盐高温热稳定性实验研究与机理分析[J]. 化工学报, 2013, 64(5): 1507-1512.

PENG Qiang, YANG Xiaoxi, DING Jing, WEI Xiaolan, YANG Jianping. Experimental study and mechanism analysis for high-temperature thermal stability of ternary nitrate salt[J]. CIESC Journal, 2013, 64(5): 1507-1512.

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三元硝酸熔盐高温热稳定性实验研究与机理分析

Experimental study and mechanism analysis for high-temperature thermal stability of ternary nitrate salt

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