热膨胀系数简易测量装置研制及若干材料测量

doi:10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161403

化工学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 67 ›› Issue (S2): 38-45.DOI: 10.11949/j.issn.0438-1157.20161403

热膨胀系数简易测量装置研制及若干材料测量

黄永华, 吴哲, 李晓慈, 董巨辉

上海交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所, 上海 200240

收稿日期:2016-10-08 修回日期:2016-10-18 出版日期:2016-12-30 发布日期:2016-12-30
通讯作者: 黄永华(1978-),男,博士,副教授。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（51676118）；航天低温推进剂技术重点实验室基金项目（SKLTSCP1206）。

Development of simple thermal expansion coefficient measurement apparatus and its application to several materials

HUANG Yonghua, WU Zhe, LI Xiaoci, DONG Juhui

Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China

Received:2016-10-08 Revised:2016-10-18 Online:2016-12-30 Published:2016-12-30
Supported by:
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51676118) and the Open Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Technologies in Space Cryogenic Propellants (SKLTSCP1206).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以液氮为冷源，研制了一套基于千分测微器的材料热膨胀系数简易测量装置，能够测量80~353 K温区各类固体材料的热膨胀系数，可重复性高于99.3%，不确定度小于3.34%。通过将T1紫铜、6060铝、304不锈钢、尼龙、G10环氧树脂等典型材料热膨胀系数测量数据与文献数据比较，发现两者最大相对偏差小于6.0%，80~353 K温区的平均偏差约为3.1%。在此基础上，测量并获得了高低温热环境工程等应用场合常用到的其他一些材料如殷钢、6262铝、316不锈钢、45钢、聚四氟乙烯、ABS塑料等的热膨胀系数数据。

关键词: 热膨胀系数, 低温, 材料物性, 测量装置

Abstract:

With liquid nitrogen as coolant, a simple thermal expansion coefficient measurement apparatus for solid materials was developed based on a micrometer.It can be applied in the temperature range from 80 K to 353 K.The thermal expansion coefficient of serval typical materials such as copper T1, aluminum 6060, stainless steel 304, nylon and epoxy G10 were measured and compared with literature data.The repeatability and relative uncertainty of the present data were found to be higher than 99.3% and less than 3.34%, respectively.The maximum relative deviation and the mean deviation between the measuring data and literature data were less than 6.0% and 3.1% respectively in the temperature range from 80 K to 353 K.Based on the verification, the expansion coefficient of some other materials widely applied in high/low temperature environment engineering such as invar, aluminum 6062, stainless steel 316, carbon steel 45, Teflon and ABS plastics were also measured.

Key words: thermal expansion coefficient, low temperature, material properties, measurement apparatus

中图分类号:

黄永华, 吴哲, 李晓慈, 董巨辉. 热膨胀系数简易测量装置研制及若干材料测量[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(S2): 38-45.

HUANG Yonghua, WU Zhe, LI Xiaoci, DONG Juhui. Development of simple thermal expansion coefficient measurement apparatus and its application to several materials[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(S2): 38-45.

参考文献 18

[1]	沈雪华.密封材料手册[M].北京: 中国石化出版社, 1991. SHEN X H.Handbook of Sealing Materials[M].Beijing:China Petrochemical Press, 1991.
[2]	徐烈, 俞志峰, 曹梦辉, 等.几种密封材料低温膨胀率的测定[J].低温工程, 1998, (2): 30-33. XU L, YU Z F, CAO M H, et al.The expansion coefficient measurement of several sealing materials at low temperature[J].Cryogenics, 1998, (2): 30-33.
[3]	顾琢如.玻璃低温膨胀系数的测定[J].光学机械, 1980, (5): 44-48. GU Z R.The expansion coefficient measurement of glass at low temperature[J].Optical Engineering, 1980, (5):44-48.
[4]	郭一玲, 王惠英, 高桂贤, 等.激光干涉法低温线膨胀系数的测定[J].稀有金属, 1979, (1): 41-47+76. GUO Y L, WANG H Y, GAO G Y, et al.The expansion coefficient measurement at low temperature using laser interferometry[J].Rare Metals, 1979, (1):41-47+76.
[5]	王正道, 赵立中, 途志华, 等.应变片法测量低温下材料线膨胀系数[J].低温工程, 1999, (1): 18-21. WANG Z D, ZHAO L Z, TU Z H, et al.Thermal expansion measurement at low temperature using strain gauges[J]. Cryogenics, 1999,(1):18-21.
[6]	王孝培.膨胀测试方法及4J29合金膨胀测试[J].上海钢研, 1982, (S1): 77-85. WANG X P.Thermal expansion measurement method and the measurement of 4J29 alloy[J].Journal of Shanghai Iron and Steel Research, 1982, (S1):77-85.
[7]	KROEGER F R, SWENSON C A.Absolute linear thermal-expansion measurements on copper and aluminum from 5 to 320 K[J].Journal of Applied Physics, 1977, 48(3): 853.
[8]	NAKAHARA S, SAKIYAMA H, HISADA F, et al.Strain measurements of stainless steel at low temperatures using electronic speckle pattern photography[C]//Proceedings of 16th ICEC/ICMC, 1997:665-668.
[9]	OKAJI M, YAMADA N, KATO H, et al.Measurements of linear thermal expansion coefficients of copper SRM 736 and some commercially available coppers in the temperature range 20-300 K by means of an absolute interferometric dilatometer[J].Cryogenics, 1997, 37(5): 251-254.
[10]	VALENTICH J.Thermal expansion of solids from -261℃ to 173℃ using strain gauges[J].Cryogenics, 1985, 25(2): 63-67.
[11]	WHITE G K, COLLINS J G.Thermal expansion of copper, silver and gold at low temperature[J].Low Temp.Phys.,1972, 7(1/2): 43-75.
[12]	AWAD F G, GUGAN D.The thermal expansion of Cu, Al, KCI, and KI between 10 and 80 K[J].Cryogenics, 1971, 11(5): 414-415.
[13]	COLLOCOTT S J, WHITE G K.Thermal expansion and heat capacity of some stainless steels and FeNi alloys[J]. Cryogenics, 1986, 26(7): 402-405.
[14]	BARUCCI M, BIANCHINI G, DEL ROSSO T, et al. Thermal expansion and thermal conductivity of glass-fiber reinforced nylon at low temperature[J].Cryogenics, 2000, 40(7): 465-467.
[15]	COLLINS J G, COWAN J A, WHITE G K.Thermal expansion at low temperatures of anisotropic metals: indium[J].Cryogenics, 1967, 7(1): 219-224.
[16]	ARP V, WILSON J H, WINRICH L, et al.Thermal expansion of some engineering materials from 20 to 293 K[J].Cryogenics, 1962, 2(4): 230-235.
[17]	LIU H, XU D, XU P, et al.An apparatus for measurements of thermal conductivity and thermal expansion based on G-M cryocooler[J].Journal of Physics Conference Series, 2012, 400(5): 389-395.
[18]	陈国邦.低温工程材料[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社, 1998. CHEN G B.Cryogenic Engineering Materials[M]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press, 1998.

热膨胀系数简易测量装置研制及若干材料测量

Development of simple thermal expansion coefficient measurement apparatus and its application to several materials

PDF (PC)

可视化

被引次数

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献 18

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	方辉煌, 程金星, 罗宇, 陈崇启, 周晨, 江莉龙. 氨电氧化催化剂及其低温直接氨碱性膜燃料电池性能的研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(9): 3802-3814.
[2]	孙铭泽, 马宁, 李浩然, 姜海峰, 洪文鹏, 牛晓娟. 中低温超临界CO₂及其混合工质布雷顿循环热力学分析[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(3): 1379-1388.
[3]	石秀娟, 梁文俊, 尹国彬, 王金柱. 低温等离子体协同Mn基催化剂降解氯苯研究[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(10): 4472-4483.
[4]	王乾浩, 赵璐, 孙付琳, 房克功. ZSM-5催化剂与低温等离子体协同转化H₂S-CO₂制合成气[J]. 化工学报, 2022, 73(1): 255-265.
[5]	赵芷慧, 李鹏, 吴栋梁, 张宏彬, 孙培杰, 黄永华. 节流前过冷度和压力对液氮节流特性的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(S1): 106-112.
[6]	叶凯, 刘香华, 姜月, 于颖, 赵亚飞, 庄烨, 郑进保, 陈秉辉. 低温等离子体协同CeO₂/13X催化降解甲苯[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(7): 3706-3715.
[7]	李超凡, 温玉娟, 曹楠, 孙东, 宋晓明, 杨悦锁. 耐低温对硝基苯酚降解菌的降解动力学研究[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(3): 1692-1701.
[8]	洪宗平, 叶楚梅, 吴洪, 张鹏, 段翠佳, 袁标, 严硕, 陈赞, 姜忠义. 天然气脱碳技术研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2021, 72(12): 6030-6048.
[9]	王明兴, 赵欣, 王涛, 路姣姣, 赵之平. 低温水等离子体活化和表面接枝DMAE聚氯乙烯中空纤维膜研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(9): 4200-4210.
[10]	黄桂冬, 张凇源, 葛众, 解志勇, 相华江, 鄢银连, 袁志鹏. 基于内置换热器有机闪蒸循环的热性能研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(7): 3080-3090.
[11]	吴涵, 陈滢, 刘敏, 王淑莹, 张伟. SBBR反应器中耐冷微生物的驯化与识别[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(2): 766-776.
[12]	汤常金,孙敬方,董林. 超低温（< 150℃）SCR脱硝技术研究进展[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(11): 4873-4884.
[13]	张霄玲,鲍佳宁,李运甲,皇甫林,李文松,高士秋,许光文,李长明,余剑. 工业MnO_x颗粒催化剂的制备及其低温脱硝应用研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(11): 5169-5177.
[14]	王雪莹,黄雪莉,黄河,罗清龙,邹雪净. -15℃下Na⁺， K⁺， Mg²⁺//Cl^-， NO₃^-， SO₄^2--H₂O体系相平衡研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(11): 5059-5066.
[15]	吴杰, 李嘉辉, 于燕梅, 于养信. 第Ⅲ族元素磷化物热力学性质理论研究[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(1): 192-199.