新型直升机热泵空调系统驾驶舱热控性能

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20191136

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

直升机飞行过程往往需要面临低温环境，为了保障人员和设备的正常工作，需要对驾驶舱进行加热，但发动机引气产生代偿损失。因此，提出了一种新型直升机热泵空调加热系统，该系统以经过滑油-冲压空气换热器加热的冲压空气为热源，采用热泵循环的方式对座舱进行供热，对滑油废热进行了回收利用。在所提出的热泵空调系统方案的基础上，建立了该系统仿真模型，对地面低温环境条件直升机全飞行任务阶段的驾驶舱温度瞬态响应以及热泵系统工作性能进行了动态仿真研究。结果表明，该新型热泵空调系统能够满足直升机低温环境下的供热需求，且在工作温度范围内其制热能力和制热效率均明显更高，系统低温工作性能得到提高，直升机的低温环境适应能力得到显著提升。

关键词: 直升机, 回收, 热泵空调, 加热, 瞬态响应, 系统工作性能, 动态仿真

Abstract:

The helicopter often faces low temperature environment in the flight process, in order to ensure the safety of the pilots and equipment, the cockpit needs to be heated. The traditional environmental control mode of engine bleeding air will cause engine compensation, the application of heat pump air conditioning in helicopter environmental control system can reduce compensation while meet the demand of helicopter cooling and heating, the heat pump air conditioning system takes lube oil waste heat as heat source, and heat the cockpit with heat pump cycle. However, the operating temperature range greatly limits its application in helicopters. Therefore, a new type of helicopter heat pump air conditioning system with waste heat recovery is proposed, and the transient response of cockpit temperature and system performance of the system are studied by establishing the dynamic simulation model of the system. The results show that the new heat pump air conditioning system can meet the heat demand of helicopter in low temperature environment, and its heating capacity and heating efficiency are higher in the working temperature range. The low temperature performance of the system is improved, and the adaptability of helicopter in low temperature environment is significantly improved.

Key words: helicopter, recovery, heat pump air conditioning, heating, transient response, system performance, dynamic simulation

中图分类号:

V 275

罗坤, 毛晓东, 庞丽萍. 新型直升机热泵空调系统驾驶舱热控性能[J]. 化工学报, 2020, 71(S1): 187-193.

Kun LUO, Xiaodong MAO, Liping PANG. Cockpit thermal control performance of new helicopter heat pump air conditioning system[J]. CIESC Journal, 2020, 71(S1): 187-193.

图/表 5

图1 系统结构1—风扇；2—冲压空气换向阀；3—滑油/冲压空气换热器；4—工质/冲压空气换热器；5—膨胀阀；6—工质/舱内空气换热器；7—压缩机；8—电磁四通换向阀

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of system structure

图2 飞行任务剖面

Fig.2 Flight mission profile

图3 驾驶舱温度控制曲线

Fig.3 Temperature control curves of cockpit

图4 飞行任务a在不同ATS条件下的系统性能

Fig.4 System performance under flight mission a

图5 飞行任务b在不同ATS条件下的系统性能

Fig.5 System performance under flight mission b

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