图1 AIEgens类别及结构示意图[26-37]

Fig.1 AIEgens classification and structure formula[26-37]

图2 Jablonski能级图[38]

Fig.2 Jablonski energy level diagram[38]

图3 荧光、磷光、延迟荧光的发光机理示意图

Figs.3 Luminescence mechanism of material fluorescence, phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence

图4 AIE材料的发光过程示意图[40]

Fig.4 Luminescence process of AIE materia[40]

图5 不同激光增益材料及化学结构示意图

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of different laser gain materials and their chemical structures

图6 不同物理吸附性能的粉末显现指印的效果及其扫描电镜图像[55-56]

Fig.6 Fingerprint development effect and SEM images of powders with different physical adsorption properties[55-56]

图7 基于静电吸附作用AIE试剂显现过程及机理验证[57-58]

Fig.7 Development process and mechanism verification of electrostatic adsorption-induced AIE reagent[57-58]

图8 HPS、MCSTPS化学结构及成像效果对比图[59]

Fig.8 Comparison diagram of chemical structures and imaging performance between HPS and MCSTPS[59]

图9 探针Zn(tpy-NMe2)在水溶液中与不同物质作用的荧光照片(a)（λex = 365 nm）；探针Zn(tpy-NMe2)和油酸的混合物中分离得到化合物的高分辨质谱(b)；探针Zn(tpy-NMe2)对潜指纹显色的可能机理示意图(c)[61]

Fig.9 Fluorescence images of probe Zn(tpy-NMe2) interacting with different substances in aqueous solution (a) (λex = 365 nm); High-resolution mass spectrum of the compound isolated from the mixture of probe Zn(tpy-NMe2) and oleic acid (b); Proposed mechanism diagram for latent fingerprint visualization by probe Zn(tpy-NMe2) (c) [61]

图10 基于普通发光模式的指印显现

Fig.10 Latent fingerprint development based on conventional luminescence mode

图11 不同电子取代基的AIE化学结构及不同发射波长（荧光颜色）的指印图像 [61,64]

Fig.11 AIE chemical structures with different electron-donating substituents and fingerprint images at varying emission wavelengths [61,64]

图12 基于“时间分辨”发光模式的指印显现

Fig.12 Latent fingerprint development based on “Time resolved” luminous mode

图13 不同卤素取代基的DMAc化学结构(a)、荧光寿命(b)、发光机理(c)及DMAc Br显出的荧光图像（d）[68]

Fig.13 DMAc chemical structure(a), fluorescence lifetime(b), luminescence mechanism of different halogen substituents(c) and fluorescence images of DMAc Br(d)[68]

图14 不同时间分辨特性AIE材料显现指印的荧光图像[69-70]

Fig.14 Fluorescence images of fingerprints developed by AIE materials with different time-resolved characteristics[69-70]

图15 TPE-DPA的化学结构、显现过程、机理及效果示意图[71]

Fig.15 Chemical structure, developing process, mechanism and effect of TPE-DPA[71]

图16 LHS的组装及化学结构(a)、显现机理(b)及效果示意图(c)[73]

Fig.16 Schematic diagram of the assembly and chemical structure of LHS(a), as well as the development mechanism(b) and effects(c)[73]

图17 部分溶液法AIE显出指印试剂的结构图及成像效果图[75-77,79-82,85,88-91,93-94]

Fig.17 Structure diagram and imaging effect diagram of partial AIE solution reagent[75-77,79-82,85,88-91,93-94]

图18 TPE吡啶盐显现指印机理、操作方法（喷洒、浸泡）(a)及显现效果(b)示意图[79]

Fig.18 Schematic diagram of fingerprint development mechanism, operational procedure(spraying, immersion) (a) and visualization effects(b) of TPE pyridinium salts[79]

图19 LFP-Yellow和LFP-Red显现指印机理、操作方法（雾化）(a)及显现效果(b)示意图[92]

Fig.19 Schematic diagram of fingerprint development mechanism, operational procedure(atomization) (a) and visualization effects(b) of LFP-Yellow, LFP-Red[92]

图20 BTPE-Sin化合物的合成(a)、显现指印操作方法（滴涂）(b)及效果示意图(c)[94]

Fig.20 Schematic diagram of synthesis of BTPE-Sin compound(a), fingerprint development procedure(drop-coating)(b) and visualization(c)[94]

图21 NIFA试剂结构(a)、发光机理(b)、显现流程(c)及成像效果(d)示意图[95]

Fig.21 Schematic diagram of NIFA reagent structure(a), luminescence mechanism(b), development procedure(c) and imaging results(d)[95]

图22 AIE试剂结合微网雾化技术方法（AIE-AT）[96]

Fig.22 AIE reagent combined with micro-mesh nebulization technology (AIE-AT)[96]

图23 AIE-AT方法显现指印性能研究 [96]

Fig.23 Performance study of AIE-AT method for fingerprint development[96]

图24 AIE-AT对A4纸上连续捺印指印的显现成像效果（A）油墨捺印指印（指纹左上角数字表示捺印次数）[97]

Fig.24 Development results of sequentially stamped fingerprints on A4 paper using AIE-AT(A) Ink-stamped fingerprints (numbers in upper left corner indicate stamping sequence)[97]

图25 AIE-AT方法显现指印性能研究 [96]

Fig.25 Performance study of AIE-AT method for fingerprint development [96]