Investigation on effect of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of metal foam on phase separation characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow in T-junction

doi:10.11949/0438-1157.20190481

Abstract

Abstract:

Filling foam metal with small channels has become a research hotspot in the direction of heat transfer in recent years. Use air and water as working medium, the foam metal with PPI of 10 and 20 is filled into a T-shaped small channel with a cross section of 2.5 mm × 2.5 mm respectively. Change the hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of metal foam, then study the influence mechanism of gas-liquid two-phase superficial velocity and hydrophilicity as well as hydrophobicity on phase separation under the action of slug flow and annular flow. The separation characteristics of three foamed metals treated with hydrophilic treatment, hydrophobic treatment and untreated were compared: whether it is a slug flow or an annular flow, the best separation effect is the hydrophilic treated foam metal, then the untreated foam metal, and the hydrophobic treatment foam metal get the worst effect, phase separation effect of T-channels filled with metal foam is significantly better than unfilled channels. For hydrophilic treated and hydrophobic treated T-channels, whether it is a slug flow or an annular flow, the gas phase recovery fraction of the inner branch of the T-shaped small channel is dominant, the liquid phase recovery fraction decreases with the increase of superficial velocity of the liquid, but the superficial velocity of gas phase has little effect on the liquid fraction. However, the reduction of the foam metal PPI will reduce the gas phase recovery fraction, which makes the distribution effect closer to the uniform distribution line.

Key words: T-junction, flow pattern, phase splitting, metal foam, hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity

摘要：

小通道填充泡沫金属成为近几年强化换热方向的研究热点。以空气和水为工作介质，将PPI为10和20的泡沫金属分别填充到截面为2.5 mm×2.5 mm的T型小通道内，改变泡沫金属的亲疏水性，分别研究弹状流和环状流下气液两相表观流速及亲疏水性对相分离的影响机制。比较亲水、疏水处理及未处理这三种泡沫金属的分离特性发现：无论是弹状流还是环状流，分离效果最好的是亲水处理后的泡沫金属，其次是未经处理的泡沫金属，而进行疏水处理后的分离效果最差，填充泡沫金属的T型通道相分离效果要明显好于未填充的通道。对于亲疏水处理过的T型通道，无论是弹状流还是环状流，T型小通道内侧支管气相采出分率占优，液相采出分率随着液体表观速度的增加而降低，但气相表观速度对液相采出分率影响很小。而泡沫金属PPI的减小会降低气相采出分率，使分配效果更加趋近于均匀分布线。

关键词: T型小通道, 流型, 相分离, 泡沫金属, 亲疏水性

CLC Number:

TQ 051.5

Hongwei LI, Guobao WEI, Yacheng WANG, Dongwei FU. Investigation on effect of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of metal foam on phase separation characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow in T-junction[J]. CIESC Journal, 2019, 70(11): 4216-4230.

李洪伟, 魏国宝, 王亚成, 付东威. 泡沫金属亲疏水性对T型小通道气液两相流相分离特性影响研究[J]. 化工学报, 2019, 70(11): 4216-4230.

Figures/Tables 25

Fig.1 Experimental system

Table 1 Instrument parameter

仪器名称	仪器型号	参数
微型水泵	NP039	入口真空度为-0.85×10⁵ Pa，进出口压差为20×10⁵ Pa，工作转速为100~4000 r/min，耐温-40~150℃
微型气泵	HC1.30DC	电压24 V，气液通用，最大真空38 kPa，压头 >15 m
电子天平	FA2004A	测量范围0~200 g，精度0.1 mg
气体质量流量计	MF 4008	最大流量50 SLPM，精度±（1.5+0.2FS），显示分辨率0.01SLPM，响应时间10 ms
高速摄像机	Photron FASTCAM Mini UX100	分辨率1280×1024，最大帧频4000 帧/秒

Fig.2 Structure of small- T- junction

Fig.3 Metal foam

Fig.4 Static contact angle of hydrophilic surface

Fig.5 Static contact angle of hydrophobic surface

Fig.6 Picture and schematic diagram of flow (PPI = 10)

Fig.7 Flow pattern map with different PPI (pores per inch)

Fig.8 Comparison of flow pattern transition criteria between different PPI(pores per inch)

Fig.9 Surface energy conversion process

Fig.10 Force analysis of bubbles

Fig.11 Effect of different PPI on phase separation of slug and annular flow

Fig.12 Effect of superficial liquid velocity on phase split under annular flow

Fig.13 Effect of superficial gas velocity on phase separation of annular flow

Fig.14 Comparison of phase split characteristics of annular flow

Fig.15 Effect of liquid superficial velocity on phase split under slug flow

Fig.16 Effect of superficial gas velocity on phase split under slug flow

Fig.17 Comparison of phase split characteristics of slug flow

Fig.18 Effect of superficial liquid velocity on phase split under annular flow

Fig.19 Effect of superficial gas velocity on phase split under annular flow

Fig.20 Comparison of phase split characteristics of annular flow

Fig.21 Effect of superficial liquid velocity on phase split under slug flow after hydrophobic treatment

Fig.22 Effect of superficial gas velocity on phase split under slug flow after hydrophobic treatment

Fig.23 Comparison of phase split characteristics of slug flow after hydrophobic treatment

Fig.24 Comparison of phase split characteristics of mental foam after treatment

References 25

1	ZhuY, HuH, SunS, et al. Flow boiling of refrigerant in horizontal metal-foam filled tubes(Ⅰ): Two-phase flow pattern visualization[J]. International Journal of Heat & Mass Transfer, 2015, 91: 446-453.
2	ZhuY, HuH, SunS, et al. Heat transfer measurements and correlation of refrigerant flow boiling in tube filled with copper foam[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2014, 38(38): 215-226.
3	ZhuY, HuH, DingG, et al. Influence of metal foam on heat transfer characteristics of refrigerant-oil mixture flow boiling inside circular tubes[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013, 50(1): 1246-1256.
4	HuH, ZhuY, PengH, et al. Influence of tube diameter on heat transfer characteristics of refrigerant-oil mixture flow boiling in metal-foam filled tubes[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2014, 41(5): 121-136.
5	MakC Y, Omebere-IyariN K, AzzopardiB J. The split of vertical two-phase flow at a small diameter T-junction[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2006, 61(19): 6261-6272.
6	YangL M, AzzopardiB J. Phase split of liquid-liquid two-phase flow at a horizontal T-junction[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2007, 33(2): 207-216.
7	AzzopardiB J. Measurements and observations of the split of annular flow at a vertical T-junction[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1988, 14(6): 701-710.
8	DasG, DasP K, AzzopardiB J. The split of stratified gas-liquid flow at a small diameter T-junction[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2005, 31: 514-528.
9	GorpVan, SolimanC A, SimsH M. The effect of pressure on two-phase flow dividing at a reduced tee junction[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2001, 27(3): 571-576.
10	HeK, WangS F, HuangJ Z. The effect of flow pattern on split of two-phase flow through a micro-T-junction[J]. Heat Mass Transfer, 2011, 54: 3587-3593．
11	HeK, WangS F, HuangJ Z. The effect of surface tension on phase distribution of two-phase flow in a micro-T-junction[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2011, 66: 3962-3968.
12	LiH W, LiJ W, ZhouY L, et al. Phase split characteristics of slug and annular flow in a dividing micro-T-junction[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2017, 80: 244-258.
13	AzziA, Al-AttiyahA, QiL, et al. Gas-liquid two-phase flow division at a micro-T-junction [J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2010, 65(13): 3986-3993.
14	IssaR I, OliveiraP J. Numerical prediction of phase separation in two-phase flow through T-junctions[J]. Computers & Fluids, 1994, 23(2): 347-372.
15	HearyV S, SotiropoulosF. Numerical investigation of laminar flows through 90-degree diversions of rectangular cross-section[J]. Computers & Fluids, 1996, 25(2): 95-118.
16	AdechyD, IssaR I. Modelling of annular flow through pipes and T-junctions[J]. Computers & Fluids, 2004, 33(2): 289-313.
17	梁法春, 王栋, 林宗虎. 新型三通分配器中环状流相分离预测[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2007, 28(1): 71-73.
	LiangF C, WangD, LinZ H. Prediction of annular flow phase separation in a new T-junction type distributor[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2007, 28(1): 71-73.
18	钱勇, 徐济鋆. 气液两相流水平管系结点处影响区相分离模型分析[J]. 核科学与工程, 1997, 17(4): 293-301.
	QianY, XuJ J. Phase separation model analysis of gas-liquid two-phase flow in the zones of influence in horizontal pipeline system[J]. Chinese Journal of Nuclear Science and Engineering, 1997, 17(4): 293-301.
19	QianD, LawalA. Numerical study on gas and liquid slugs for Taylor flow in a T-junction microchannel[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 2006, 23(4): 7609-7625.
20	周云龙, 刘博, 刘袖, 等. T型微通道内两相流流型及相分离特性[J]. 化学反应工程与工艺, 2012, (4): 300-305.
	ZhouY L, LiuB, LiuX, et al. Flow patterns and phase splitting of two-phase flow in a micro-T-junction[J]. Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, 2012, (4): 300-305.
21	KawajiM, KojiM. Effects of inlet geometry on gas-liquid two-phase flow in microchannels[C]//ASME Spring National Meeting, Conference Proceedings. 2005: 2411-2419.
22	TriplettK A, GhiaasiaanS M, Abdel-KhalikS I, et al. Gas-liquid two-phase flow in microchannels (Ⅰ): Two-phase flow patterns[J]. Multiphase Flow, 1999, 25: 377-394.
23	TaitelY, DuklerA E. A model for predicting flow regime transitions in horizontal and near-horizontal gas-liquid flow[J]. ASME Journal, 1976, 22: 47-55.
24	SeegerW, ReimannJ, MullerU. Two-phase flow in a T-junction with a horizontal inlet: phase separation [J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1986, 12(4): 575-585.
25	TaeS J, ChoK. Two-phase split of refrigerants at a T-junction[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2006, 29(7): 1128-1137.

[1]	Shaohua ZHOU, Feilong ZHAN, Guoliang DING, Hao ZHANG, Yanpo SHAO, Yantao LIU, Zheming GAO. Experimental study of flow noise in short tube throttle valve and noise reduction measures [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(S1): 113-121.
[2]	Yuying GUO, Jiaqiang JING, Wanni HUANG, Ping ZHANG, Jie SUN, Yu ZHU, Junxuan FENG, Hongjiang LU. Water-lubricated drag reduction and pressure drop model modification for heavy oil pipeline [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(7): 2898-2907.
[3]	Meibo XING, Zhongtian ZHANG, Dongliang JING, Hongfa ZHANG. Enhanced phase change energy storage/release properties by combining porous materials and water-based carbon nanotube under magnetic regulation [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(7): 3093-3102.
[4]	Kexin HUANG, Tong LI, Anqi LI, Mei LIN. Mode decomposition of flow field in T-junction with rotating impeller [J]. CIESC Journal, 2023, 74(7): 2848-2857.
[5]	Jingzhi ZHANG, Yuting ZHAO, Yingdi WANG, Jianhui QI, Li LEI. Experimental study on liquid-liquid two-phase flow pattern and flow characteristics in sinusoidal microchannels [J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(3): 1111-1118.
[6]	Yuhang ZHOU, Jianyi CHEN, Ya’an WANG, Dingyu ZHANG, Hongying MA, Song YE. Research on performance of dual-inlet gas-liquid cylindrical cyclone based on liquid film flow pattern [J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(3): 1221-1231.
[7]	Rui YANG, Baojin ZHU, Chao LYU, Lei ZHANG, Yingsong XIAO. Study on flow pattern and transition mechanism of gas-liquid two-phase flow in swirl field under pulsating flow [J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(10): 4389-4398.
[8]	Wei ZHAN, Xiyang LIU, Chunying ZHU, Youguang MA, Taotao FU. Study on the flow patterns and transition mechanism of the liquid-liquid two-phase flow in a step-emulsification microdevice with parallel microchannels [J]. CIESC Journal, 2022, 73(1): 184-193.
[9]	LIN Shiquan, ZHAO Yaxin, LYU Zhongyuan, LAI Zhancheng, HU Haitao. Effect of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity on pool boiling heat transfer characteristics on metal foam [J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(S1): 295-301.
[10]	Yeming ZHU, Jinping LIU, Xiongwen XU, Dandan ZHU. Research on liquid film flow characteristics of vertical porous plate [J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(8): 4081-4092.
[11]	TIAN Yongsheng, JI Wanxiang, CHEN Zengqiao, WANG Naihua. Study of transient pool boiling on vertical tube with large length-diameter ratio [J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(4): 2018-2026.
[12]	XU Xiaoxiao, ZHANG Shijie, LI Yi, LIU Chao. Study on phase distribution characteristics of gas-liquid two-phase flow in micro-channel flat T-junction [J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(4): 2057-2064.
[13]	HAO Renjie, QIAO Min, HUANG Weixing. Pulse flow characteristics of concurrent gas-liquid flow through a stacked sieve plate packing [J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(3): 1314-1321.
[14]	YANG Zhen, YAO Yuanpeng, WU Huiying. Analysis on thermal conduction characteristics of metal foam based on conduction form factor [J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(3): 1295-1301.
[15]	CHEN Zhen, LIU Jing, ZHU Chunying, FU Taotao, MA Youguang. Formation and size prediction of bubble in slurry system in T-junction microchannel [J]. CIESC Journal, 2021, 72(2): 928-936.